Learning Goals The students will understand the OKC bombing.

OKC Bombing At 9:02 on Wednesday morning, April 19, 1995 a homemade bomb inside a rented Ryder truck parked in front of the Alfred P. Murrah building had exploded, destroying the front half of the building, killing 168 people, including nineteen children, and injuring more than 800. The Murrah building housed most of the federal offices assigned to Oklahoma City and a daycare center for the children of federal workers and others in the area. It had been hit by a terrorist at tack, something that people had thought would never happen in America’s heartland.

Bombing At 10:30 a.m. on that same day, Timothy McVeigh was stopped by highway patrolman Charlie Hanger on Interstate 35 near Billings because his car had no license tag. The patrolman discovered that McVeigh was carrying a gun. Shortly thereafter, McVeigh found himself in the Noble County jail. Within days, he was charged in the bombing deaths of the eight federal officers who died in the attack. An extensive investigation ensued, resulting in the arrest of Terry Nichols, a former army buddy of McVeigh. McVeigh and Nichols apparently believed that the American government had gone too far in an incident in Waco, Texas, on April 19, 1993. In an attempt to arrest cult leader David Koresh

Bombing cont. On June 2, 1997, a jury found McVeigh guilty of the deaths of the eight federal officers who died in the bombing and three weapons or explosives counts. On June 13, he was sentenced to die by lethal injection. McVeigh was executed at Terre Haute, Indiana on June 11, 2001. Terry Nichols was also found guilty; however, the jury could not agree on a sentence. Judge Richard Matsch sentenced Nichols to life in prison without parole.

The Oklahoma City National Memorial is an outside place for remembering. 5

This Memorial remembers all who were changed forever on April 19, 1995. 6

It stands at the same place where the Murrah Building once stood… 7

■ The Alfred Murrah Federal Building was a United States Government  office in Oklahoma City. ■ It was the place of a bombing- an act called “terrorism.” 8

The Oklahoma City National Memorial was opened five years after the bombing by President Bill Clinton. 9

What do its SYMBOLS mean? 10

Gates of Time 11

These two gates mark the entrances to the Memorial These two gates mark the entrances to the Memorial. They show the times when the events happened. 12

■ The East Gate represents 9:01 a. m. on April 19, before the attack ■ The East Gate represents 9:01 a.m. on April 19, before the attack. ■ The West Gate represents 9:03 a.m.- the moment our state was changed forever. 13

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Reflecting Pool 15

The pool is where the Murrah building once stood at 5th Street in downtown Oklahoma City. 16

Here, the water makes a quiet setting for remembering the events of April 19th... 17

Empty Chairs 18

The 168 chairs represent the people who died here… 19

Some were workers. Some were visitors. Some were children. 20

The Survivor Tree 21

The Survivor Tree is an old Elm tree The Survivor Tree is an old Elm tree. After the bombing, it was still standing. 22

Years later, it is a symbol of the strength of our state and people. 23

Rescuers' Orchard 24

Near the Survivor Tree are rows of new trees. 25

A marker nearby reads: “To the courageous and caring who responded from near and far, we thank you, the rescuers and volunteers who helped.” 26

The Fence 27

A chain link fence was put up after the attack. 28

Soon, people began to leave messages, pictures, flags, and gifts on the fence… 29

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Thanks to the Oklahoma City National Memorial, we will not forget the events of April 19th, 1995. 31

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Chapter 25 Section 1 Quiz 1.) On what date was the Oklahoma City Bombing? a.) April 19, 1995 b.) December 7, 1941 c.) July 4, 1976 2.) What building was bombed in the Oklahoma City bombing? a.) Murrah Building b.) Penn Square Bank c.) The Ford Center 3.) Who was responsible for the Oklahoma City bombing? 4.) On what highway was this person traveling on when he got caught? a.) 1-40 b.) 1-35 c.) I-44 5.) In what town was this person placed in County jail after his arrest? a.) Stillwater b.) Oklahoma City c.) Perry 6.) What was this persons sentence? a.) Life in prison with parole b.) Life in prison without parole c.) Death by lethal injection 7.) What other person was found guilty in the OKC bombing? 8.) What is the number one cash crop in Oklahoma? 9.) Which governor instituted the lottery? a.) George Nigh b.) Brad Henry c.) Henry Bellmon 10.) What were the proceeds of the Lottery supposed to go towards?

Chapter 25 Section 1 Quiz 1.) On what date was the Oklahoma City Bombing? 2.) What building was bombed in the Oklahoma City bombing? 3.) Who was responsible for the Oklahoma City bombing and what sentence did he get and how was that sentence carried out? 4.) Why was this person pulled over and why was he taken in and what town was he taken to? 5.) How many chairs are at the Memorial and what do they represent? 6.) Describe the East and West Walls that were built and their significance. 7.) What other person was found guilty in the OKC bombing? 8.) Describe the fence around the Memorial? 9.) Describe the Surviover tree? 10.) What is the purpose of the tree orchard that was planted?