Project 1994-054-00 Contract 4101 ODFW Contract 4102 CTWSRO In FY02: Bull trout life history, genetics, habitat needs, and limiting factors in central.

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Presentation transcript:

Project Contract 4101 ODFW Contract 4102 CTWSRO In FY02: Bull trout life history, genetics, habitat needs, and limiting factors in central and northeast Oregon Funds = $ 488 K

Contract 4101 (FY02) Migratory patterns, structure, abundance, and status of bull trout populations in the Columbia Plateau. Funds: $351 K Subcontract to USFS (PNW Lab)

Goals (4101) Provide scientific information needed to develop and modify protection and recovery plans for Columbia Basin bull trout. Implement a program to monitor the population status of bull trout in the Columbia Plateau Province.

Objectives (FY02) Characterize fine-scale population structure in the John Day basin. Determine movements of fluvial bull trout of the Umatilla River. Compare methods to estimate adult bull trout abundance in Mill Creek. Employ EMAP to monitor the status, trends, and distribution of adult bull trout in the Columbia Plateau.

Population structure Broad-scale structure between basins was described by DNA microsatellite analysis of 65 populations ( Spruell et al Cons Gen). Early analysis used 4 microsatellite loci; 6 more are available. Preliminary new analysis and telemetry suggest fine-scale structure within basins. Implications for metapopulation theory and population management.

Population structure John Day basin (FY02) Attempted collection of supplemental samples from 2 streams. Collected samples from 3 streams where none had been collected previously, to add analytical power. Collected samples from 5 streams sampled in 1995, to test for temporal variation in allele frequencies

John Day basin

Population structure John Day basin (FY03) Collect supplemental samples from 2 streams. Re-analyze archived samples collected in 1995 (10 streams) with 6 new microsatellite loci. Analyze samples collected in 2002 (8 streams) and 2003 (2 streams) with 10 microsatellite loci.

Fluvial bull trout movements Umatilla River (FY02) areas of seasonal use, particularly over winter better description of migratory corridors possible use of the Columbia River. Sub-objectives Determine:

Umatilla River

Fluvial bull trout movements Umatilla River (FY02) Radio-tagged 15 fluvial fish (300 mm or >) 11 from Umatilla R (km ) 4 from N.F. Umatilla R (km 0-3) All moved into N.F. Umatilla by end of July. Distributed up to Rkm 9 (N.F.) during September and October. Recovered 8 tags during November. 7 fish over-wintered in Umatilla R (km ).

Contract 4101 (FY03) Migratory patterns, structure, abundance, and status of bull trout populations in the Columbia Plateau and Blue Mountain provinces. Funds: $371 K Subcontracts: USFS-PNW U of MT

Objectives (FY03) Characterize fine-scale population structure in the John Day and Grande Ronde basins. Determine movements of fluvial bull trout of the Umatilla and Lostine rivers. Compare methods to estimate adult bull trout abundance in Mill Creek. Employ EMAP to monitor the status, trends, and distribution of adult bull trout in the Columbia Plateau.

Population structure Grande Ronde basin (FY03) Collect supplemental samples from 1 stream. Collect samples from 6 streams where none had been collected previously, to add analytical power. Collect samples from 4 streams sampled in 1995, to test for temporal variation in allele frequencies Analysis of samples to be done in FY04.

Fluvial bull trout movements Lostine River (FY03) areas of seasonal use impediments to migration from water diversions temperatures where adults locate possible use of the Snake River. Sub-objectives Determine:

Comparing Methods of Estimating the Abundance of Adult Bull Trout Paul Sankovich* and Alan Hemmingsen Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Philip Howell USFS Pacific Northwest Forestry and Range Sciences Lab Funded by: Bonneville Power Administration Project Number

Introduction How do we monitor abundance, particularly for How do we monitor abundance, particularly for populations exhibiting multiple life histories? populations exhibiting multiple life histories? Redd counts have been the primary method used to Redd counts have been the primary method used to monitor abundance. monitor abundance. The validity of redd counts has not been evaluated The validity of redd counts has not been evaluated extensively. extensively. Sampling error may be high. Sampling error may be high. More information is needed to evaluate redd counts. More information is needed to evaluate redd counts. Redd counts may be related to adult escapement. Redd counts may be related to adult escapement.

fluvial redds resident redds Redd count resident adult abundance mature resident females mature fluvial females fluvial adult abundance mature females Objective Compare redd counts to measures of adult abundance Compare redd counts to measures of adult abundance in a system supporting fluvial and resident forms. in a system supporting fluvial and resident forms.

Walla Walla, WA Touchet R. Mill Creek OR WA Walla Walla R. Low Cr Paradise Cr Bull Cr Deadman Cr Burnt Fork Cr N.F. Mill Cr City of Walla Walla water intake, diversion dam, and fish ladder Rkm 40 Rkm 54

Fluvial adult abundance A + B(C) = total mature fluvial females A) trap count of mature females B) unmarked fish > 300 mm upstream from the dam C) trap count of mature females/total trap count Trapped fluvial fish at the ladder from June - October. Identified mature females using ultrasound. Snorkeled area upstream from the dam to count unmarked fluvial adult-sized (> 300 mm FL) bull trout.

Ovary Ultrasound image

Resident adult abundance Used Hankin and Reeves-type methods to get population estimates for fish mm FL. In mainstem: glides and riffles were block-netted and electrofished to get removal estimates. Pools were snorkeled; diver counts were calibrated. In tributaries: riffle/pool units were block-netted and electrofished. Density estimates were expanded to estimate abundance of bull trout mm FL.

Resident adult abundance (cont.) Percentage of mature females and males Abundance of bull trout mm Abundance of mature resident females and males

Redd counts 3 surveys spaced evenly throughout Sep and Oct. Measured redd lengths and widths. Measured redds in the Little Minam River (resident population above a barrier). Developed rule for assigning redds in the Mill Creek drainage to fluvial or resident females.

Abundance of fluvial adults Trap count: 88 mature females, 89 others, and Trap count: 88 mature females, 89 others, and 3 uninspected fish. Total = uninspected fish. Total = mature females Snorkel count: 10 of 16 bull trout > 300 mm FL Snorkel count: 10 of 16 bull trout > 300 mm FL were unmarked. Expanded number = 32 fish. were unmarked. Expanded number = 32 fish (0.49) = 106 mature fluvial females Fluvial adult escapement = 212 fish

Mill Cr Low Cr N. F Mill Cr Burnt Fork Cr Bull Cr Total Paradise Cr StreamFemale Male Mature ImmatureTotal Resident adult abundance Maturity status of bull trout < 300 mm FL Estimated no. of mature resident females = 0

Redd counts Stream Mill Cr Low Cr Paradise Cr Deadman Cr Burnt Fork Cr Bull Cr N.F. Mill Cr No. of redds Total213

Area (cm 2 ) of redds made by fluvial and resident females 45 resident redds 168 fluvial redds

168 fluvial female redds 45 resident female redds 213 redds 212 fluvial adults ? resident adults 106 mature fluvial females No mature resident females 106 mature females Tying it all together

Adjustments for 2003 Snorkel all pools. Snorkel all pools. Eliminate potential for fish to jump the dam. Eliminate potential for fish to jump the dam. Increase sampling effort in Low Creek. Increase sampling effort in Low Creek.