Napoleon Bonaparte
Rise to Power 1799 1800 1804 Appointed general of French army Coup d'état Military seizure of governmental power 1800 People gave all real power to Napoleon in a vote Napoleonic Codes Limited liberties, authority over individual rights, but promoted order and eliminated many injustices 1804 Napoleon crowned himself emperor of France
Napoleon as Emperor Focused on Europe Battle of Trafalgar 1812 Wanted to conquer all of Europe Russia, Prussia, and Austria signed peace treaties Battle of Trafalgar British naval victory Destroyed French fleet, ensured France would never invade Britain 1812 Only countries not under French control were Portugal, Sweden, and Ottoman Empire
French Empire
Napoleon’s Mistakes Continental System Peninsula War Blockade of Britain Britain then blockaded France, weakened French economy Peninsula War France sent troops into Spain to conquer Portugal Spain outraged - Guerilla Warfare Invasion of Russia Alexander I - Czar of Russia Russia sold grain to Britain - angered Napoleon Russian army retreated to Moscow - scorched earth policy Entered with over 400,000 troops, left with around 10,000
Downfall Russia, Britain, Prussia, and Austria 1814 Joined forces to defeat Napoleon 1814 Coalition army pushed in Paris Exiled to the island of Elba, off Italy
End of Life Comeback to France Battle of Waterloo - Defeated by British and Prussian troops Exiled to St Helena - South Atlantic