Chapter 23 Section D Napoleon’s Empire Collapses Napoleon’s Three Costly Mistakes The Continental System Called for blockade of all continental ports His aim was to make continental Europe self-sufficient and to destroy Britain’s commercial and industrial economy System couldn’t prevent smuggling and even Napoleon’s own brothers disobeyed his orders

Continental System

Napoleon’s Empire Collapses The Peninsular War Napoleon invades Portugal (by way of Spain) in order to punish them for not following the continental system When Spanish towns rioted in protest, Napoleon deposed the Spanish king Napoleon’s removal of the Spanish king helped to create a sense of nationalism for the Spanish people Spanish feared the French would undermine the Catholic faith in Spain

Napoleon’s Empire Collapses Invasion of Russia Alexander I continues selling grain to Britain in defiance of Napoleon’s policy Napoleon’s policy Napoleon invades Russia Russians used a scorched-earth policy Napoleon can’t live off the land By Sept. 14, 1812 Napoleon reaches Moscow Napoleon waits five weeks for the Czar to make a peace offer before returns to France French losses are at about 412,000 men

Napoleon’s Retreat

Napoleon’s Empire Collapses Napoleon’s Downfall Fourth Coalition forms: Great Britain, Russia, Prussia, Sweden, and Austria The Coalition defeats Napoleon Napoleon loses the Battle of Leipzig (Oct. 1813) Paris is captured by Russia and Prussia In April 1814, Napoleon accepts terms of surrender from Czar Alexander I Napoleon is exiled to Elba

Napoleon’s Exile to Elba

Napoleon’s Empire Collapses A Comeback Fails Louis XVIII becomes King of France but he is unpopular March 1, 1815 Napoleon becomes Emperor again Napoleon is defeated at Waterloo Napoleon is exiled to St. Helena Napoleon dies in 1821 of stomach cancer (this point is uncertain)

Napoleon at the Time of his Exile to St. Helena

Napoleon’s Tomb in Paris

TA23E Read Pages 672-675 Copy and Define Terms on Page 675 Copy and Answer Questions 17 & 18 on Page 676