Test Prep Questions Chapter 2

Yumi and Maria conducted research on whether or not there were differences in body image between Japanese and American teenagers. Which of the following perspectives would best inspire their research? Sociocultural view Behavioral view Cognitive view Humanistic view Psychodynamic view

If a study is conducted through empirical investigation, this means… A) It is conducted in a research laboratory. B)It is conducted only by a psychologist who is a trained Ph.D. C) It is based on careful measurements and direct observation. D)It is conducted in a natural setting E) It is based on a person’s individual experience in the world.

Based on his classroom experience, Dr Based on his classroom experience, Dr. McGinty believes that those sitting in the front row of a classroom get higher grades than those sitting in rows further back. His belief is an example of … Hypothesis Theory Independent variable Correlation coefficient Dependent variable

The independent variable … Is what one is trying to measure in a study Must be testable Is the condition that the researcher manipulates Is the group that receives no treatment Is the group that receives treatment

5. Randomization… Ensures that studies can be replicated Is a good way to define the dependent variable Is difficult to achieve in research Must be used with great caution Reduces experimenter bias

6. How are a sample and the population in an experiment different from one another? The sample is a smaller representation of the population The population is a smaller representation of the sample The population consists of the individuals actually participating in the experiment The population must be chosen randomly A sample is made up of a small number of individuals; the highest number of individuals in a sample is ten

7. A correlation coefficient reflects the… Type of research conducted Relationship between two variables Number of groups (or individuals) studied Accuracy of the results Amount of change that occured

8. If you could measure height of each student in your psychology class and the amount of money that each person has in his or her pockets right now, you would expect to find… A zero correlation A positive correlation A negative correlation That taller people have more money That shorter people have more money

9. If a researcher wanted to find out college students’ political opinions, which of the following methods of research would be most appropriate to gather this information? Experiment Case study Survey Correlational study Naturalistic obersvation

10. Susan wants to see if pedestrians obey the cross walk lights that indicate when it is safe to cross or when they should wait on the sidewalk. Which of the following methods of research would be most appropriate for this study? self-report measures Naturalistic observation Conditioning Introspection A double-blind study

11. If a researcher wanted to conduct a study to determine if people’s intelligence remained the same over the course of their life span, which approach would give the best data? Survey Cross-sectional study Longitudinal study Naturalistic observation Cohort-sequential study

12. Keeping participants uninformed about the real purpose of a study makes them… Less likely to experience unconscious motivation Less likely to perform to the researchers’ expectations More likely to engage in introspection More likely to use a psychoanalytic perspective More likely to know why the research was done

13. ____________variables are changeable factors that could distort the results of an experiment and be confused with __________ treatment; hypothesis Subject; dependent variables Confounding; dependent variables Confounding; independent variables Treatment; placebo control

14. Some people believe money can buy happiness. Dr 14. Some people believe money can buy happiness. Dr. Goodwin wants to determine whether paying people plays a role in happiness. The level of happiness would be considered the Experimental variable Confounding variable Dependent variable Independent variable Control variable

15. ___________must be stated in terms of how the concepts are to be measured and what techniques will be employed to produce them. Operational definitions Theories Personal biases Dependent variables Control groups

Answers A C E 7) B 8)A 9) C 10) B 11) C 12) B 13)D 14)C 15) A