2/6/15 Admit Slip Based on the BTB /cell respiration lab, what are TWO components of the cellular respiration equation. HINT: Think- what went in vs. out (reactant vs. product) Date: 2/6/15 Topic: Cellular Respiration Page # ___

Date: 2/6/15 Topic: Cellular Respiration Page # ___ Today in Room 315… ADMIT SLIP: In journal… how does our body access energy in food? HW: Complete Glycolysis Review Worksheet CONTENT OBJ: SW explore the first stage of cellular respiration using online animations LANG. OBJ: SW write notes in their journals and then complete their Glycolysis Web Quest ANNOUNCEMENTS: DO NOT LOSE YOUR SHEETS! AGENDA: Glycolysis class notes Glycolysis Web Quest EXIT SLIP: All computers plugged in and away

Cellular Respiration* The process that helps our cells ACCESS the energy in food More scientifically… “The process in which a cell breaks down sugar or other organic compounds to release energy used for cellular work.” ATP!

ATP* A = adenosine T = tri P = phosphate Energy storage molecule in all organisms

Cellular Respiration Equation* 6O2 + C6H12O6 -->  6H2O + 6CO2 + energy Explanation? Also, how many of each molecule are present? Glucose found in food!

Cell Resp. has 3 Steps* 1) Glycolysis 2) Krebs Cycle 3) Electron Transport Chain

**Occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell** Glycolysis* To start reaction, need 2 ATP (like needing two tokens to play an arcade game) Glucose (6 carbons, represented w/ 6 circles) is broken down into 2 molecules (PGAL)

Glycolysis* Two PGAL molecules are then broken down to release 4 ATP molecules and 2 high energy electron carriers, known as NADH molecules PGAL gets broken down to pyruvate

Glycolysis End Products* 4 ATP (net 2 ATP- why?) 2 NADH (high energy electron carriers) 2 pyruvate (3 carbons each) also known as pyruvic acid

Aerobic vs. Anaerobic* Aerobic means? Anaerobic means? REQUIRES oxygen Does NOT require oxygen Certain exercises require oxygen (ex. running) while some do not (you breathe before and after each lift, but not during!)

Pyruvate has 2 pathways* Aerobic (oxygen available) Pyruvate molecules head to Kreb’s cycle Anaerobic (oxygen unavailable) Pyruvate molecules go through… Lactic acid fermentation OR Alcohol fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation* Pyruvate is broken down into… lactic acid (or lactate) NAD+ Lactic acid is produced by the muscles (though this process) when they are not supplied enough oxygen, and it causes a burning sensation. That’s why your muscles burn when you work out!

Alcohol Fermentation* Pyruvate is broken down into… Carbon dioxide Ethanol NAD+ These processes… 1) Make bread rise and sparkling drinks (CO2) 2) Make wine/beer alcoholic (ethanol)

Glycolysis Web Quest Over the next few days, we will be learning about all the stages of cellular respiration But for today, you are just going to focus on glycolysis You are to complete the Glycolysis Web Quest using two videos posted on the website under today’s date Make sure to follow all directions, and DON’T LOSE YOUR SHEET! (You will also need it tonight for HW) You may go get your computers…

Glycolysis HW Use the diagram provided to write a one page description of glycolysis and the two following pyruvate pathways. What occurs in each situation, and what is produced? Due TOMORROW!!

Answer in journal: Why do your muscles burn after intense exercise? 2/9/15 Admit Slip Answer in journal: Why do your muscles burn after intense exercise? Date: 2/9/15 Topic: Cellular Respiration 2 Page # ___

Date: 2/9/15 Topic: Cellular Respiration 2 Page # ___ Today in Room 315… ADMIT SLIP: In journal… how does our body access energy in food? HW: Complete Glycolysis Review Worksheet CONTENT OBJ: SW explore the first stage of cellular respiration using online animations LANG. OBJ: SW write notes in their journals and then complete their Glycolysis Web Quest ANNOUNCEMENTS: DO NOT LOSE YOUR SHEETS! AGENDA: Glycolysis class notes Glycolysis Web Quest EXIT SLIP: All computers plugged in and away

Two other steps of cell resp? 1) Glycolysis 2) ____________________________ 3) ____________________________

After glycolysis…* And in the PRESENCE of oxygen, pyruvate goes through respiration, Where pyruvate is converted to Acetyl CoA 2 NADH & 2 CO2 produced Acetyl CoA required for Kreb’s cycle

Kreb’s Cycle* Also knows as the “Citric Acid Cycle” Takes place in the mitochondria 6 CO2 are released 2 ATP generated 2 FADH2 are generated 8 NADH are generated

ATP Count- where we at?? Glycolysis  2 ATP Kreb’s Cycle  2 ATP Total = 4 ATP But a working muscle recycles over 10 MILLION ATP every second… So we need MORE!

Electron Transport Chain* Goal: To break down NADH and FADH2 into ATP ETS creates proton gradient by pumping H+ to outer compartment of mitochondria

Electron Transport Chain* H cleaved (taken off) NADH & FADH2  now H atoms Electrons stripped (taken off) from H atoms  become H+ (protons) Use flow of electrons as energy to pump protons across inner membrane and into inter membrane space NAD+ Q C NADH H2O H+ e– 2H+ + O2 FADH2 1 2 NADH dehydrogenase cytochrome bc complex cytochrome c oxidase complex FAD

ATP Synthase* Final step after the electron transport chain (ETC) Protons now in intermembrane space are funneled into ATP synthase (a protein), which produces ATP ETC + ATP Synthase generates 36 ATP

Other names…* Production of ATP using ATP synthase = “chemiosmosis” (duchemicals diffuse across membrane) ETC + chemiosmosis = “oxidative phosphorylation” (oxidation -> loss of e-, phosphorylation -> phosphate groups)

Cellular Respiration Overview* 2 ATP + 2 ATP + 36 ATP = 40 ATP per one molecule glucose!

Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Energy Yield* Aerobic respiration produces 38 ATP (2 from Kreb’s + 36 from ETC) Anaerobic respiration produces 2 ATP (only get the 2 ATP from glycolysis) So aerobic respiration is 19 times more efficient than aerobic respiration! (aka oxygen = awesome) Any questions?? 

Web Quest Continued You will now watch the remaining segments in JUST VIDEO 1 and fill out your guided notes When you are done you will have a full packet of Cellular Respiration notes! (STUDY STUDY STUDY!) Questions?  If not, go grab computers…

Cellular Respiration HW Cellular Respiration Review Packet Whole Packet Due THURSDAY!!