What do wood, a marshmallow and gasoline all have in common?

CELLULAR RESPIRATION C 6 H O 2  6H C0 2 + ATP ATP for one glucose - CR: 39 % efficient - Car: 25% efficient

How do we get energy from other foods?

Ultimate Source

Energy Molecules ATP- Adenosine Triphosphate ( ENERGY CURRENCY) -High Potential Energy ADP- Adenosine Diphosphate

Energy Cycle

Online Activity 7.2 and 7.3 Homework Read and Take Notes on – 7.2 ( Food Stores Chemical Energy) – 7.3 ( ATP Provided energy for cellular work)

Exergonic Reactions Release energy Spontaneous Generate energy

Endergonic Reactions Input of energy

Check Yourself Are Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration exergonic or endergonic reactions?

Energy Potential energy – energy of position, stored energy Kinetic energy – energy of motion Sugars Chemical Energy = Potential Energy

Entropy 2 nd Law of Thermodynamics Entropy

Cards Entropy Game Cells are highly organized like the tower we built. According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, disorder (entropy) is always on the increase. (easy to break) It takes work maintain order. Cells need energy: to maintain their order to repair themselves to grow to reproduce

Energy Molecules Redox Reactions- Reduction/Oxidation reactions LEO- Lose Electrons Oxidized GER- Gain Electrons Reduced

Energy Molecules C 6 H O 2  6H C0 2 + ATP Glucose gets oxidized to CO 2 LEO- lose electrons ( or Hydrogens) Oxygen gets reduced to H 2 0 GER- gains electrons ( or Hydrogens) H+ and 1 electron (e - )

Exergonic Reaction Check yourself! CH  C H 2 0 Where does the fire (heat and light energy) come from?

Energy Molecules NAD + and FAD – NAD + is reduced  NADH accepts 2 electrons and a H (high energy electrons) – FAD is reduced  FADH accepts 2 electrons and 2 Hydrogen What happens to the thing NAD+ and FAD takes the electrons from? Gets oxidized  parts of the broken down Glucose

II. Equation Overview C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + 36 ATP Water OxygenCarbon Dioxide Energy Glucose

III. Stages of Aerobic Respiration 1) Glycolysis [cytoplasm] sugar is split in halves called pyruvate makes 2 ATP and 2 NADH makes 2 ATP and 2 NADH 2 NADH 2)a. Transition to Kreb: makes 2 NADH b. Krebs Cycle / Citric Acid Cycle [in mito] breaks down pyruvic acid into CO 2 makes 2 ATP makes 2 ATP 3) Electron Transport Chain [membranes of mitochondria] H+ ions combine with oxygen, making ATP and water makes32-34 ATP makes ATP

Glycolysis Overview – What goes in? – What comes out? – Two Parts: Investment Phase Return Phase

Transition to Kreb Cycle Transition to Krebs Cycle What Goes In: What Comes Out:

Kreb Cycle What Goes In:What Comes Out:

Electron Transport Chain Electrons flow from protein complex to protein complex until they reach the final electron acceptor which is ____________. This powers the movement of _________________ across membrane Therefore creating a _____________________ This build up allows for the flow of those ____________ molecules back across the membrane to the matrix through the _____________ _________________. This is what drives the phosphorylation of the ADP This process is called Oxidative Phosphorylation What happens to the oxygen? What happens to the NAD and FAD? What happens to the ATP?

Substrate Level- Oxidative Phosphorylation- Substrate Level Phosphorylation vs Oxidative Phosphorylation

C. Types i.Aerobic Respiration ii. Anaerobic Respiration

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation