3-4. geothermal energy 3-4-1. Generals Thermal (heat) energy from the crust (underground or Earth) One of the renewable energies (others include wind, solar, tidal, etc) Cost effective, reliable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly Mostly used for electricity generation

The Nesjavellir Geothermal Power Plant in Þingvellir, Iceland http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_energy

http://www.carbonneutral.com/carbon-offsets/geothermal-energy

3-4-2. Soureces Heat from the original formation energy (20%) Radioactive decay (80%)

% of national electricity prod. % of global geothermal prod. 3-4-3. World Production (of geothermal electricity) Total of 10,959.7 MW in 2010 Country Capacity (MW) 2007 Capacity (MW) 2010 % of national electricity prod. % of global geothermal prod. United States 2687 3086 0.3 29 Philippines 1969.7 1904 27 18 Indonesia 992 1197 3.7 11 Mexico 953 958 3 9 Italy 810.5 843 1.5 8 New Zealand 471.6 628 10 6 Iceland 421.2 575 30 5 Japan 535.2 536 0.1 Iran 250 El Salvador 204.2 204 25

http://www. smartplanet http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/smart-takes/geothermal-energy-potential-underutilized-report-says/

3-4-4. Environmental Effects Reduces greenhouse gases May release a small amount of green house gases & other toxic elements (CO2, H2S, CH4, NH3, Hg, As, B, Sb) Can affect the land stability (typically subsidence) and ecosystem near surface