By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY.

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Presentation transcript:

By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age 1.Megalopolis. 2.Mass Transit. 3.Magnet for economic and social opportunities. 4.Pronounced class distinctions. - Inner & outer core 5.New frontier of opportunity for women. 6.Squalid living conditions for many. 7.Political machines. 8.Ethnic neighborhoods.

William Le Baron Jenney  1832 – 1907  “Father of the Modern Skyscraper”

W. Le Baron Jenney: Central Y.M.C.A., Chicago, 1891

Louis Sullivan  1856 – 1924  The Chicago School of Architecture  Form follows function!

Louis Sullivan: Bayard Bldg., NYC, 1897

Louis Sullivan: Carson, Pirie, Scott Dept. Store, Chicago, 1899

D. H. Burnham  1846 – 1912  Use of steel as a super structure.

DH Burnham: Fisher [Apt.] Bldg, Chicago, 1896

D. H. Burnham: Marshall Fields Dept. Store, 1902

DH Burnham: Railway Exchange, Chicago, 1904

New York City Architectural Style: 1870s-1910s 1.The style was less innovative than in Chicago. 2.NYC was the source of the capital for Chicago. 3.Most major business firms had their headquarters in NYC  their bldgs. became “logos” for their companies. 4.NYC buildings and skyscrapers were taller than in Chicago.

Western Union Bldg,. NYC

Manhattan Life Insurance Bldg. NYC

Singer Building NYC

Woolwor th Bldg. NYC

Flatiron Building NYC – 1902 D. H. Burnham

Grand Central Station, 1913

John A. Roebling: The Brooklyn Bridge, 1883

John A. Roebling: The Brooklyn Bridge, 1913

Statue of Liberty, 1876 (Frederic Auguste Bartholdi)

“Dumbell” Tenement

“Dumbell “ Tenement, NYC

Jacob Riis: How the Other Half Lived (1890)

Tenement Slum Living

Lodgers Huddled Together

Mulberry Street Bend, 1889

5-Cent Lodgings

Men’s Lodgings

Women’s Lodgings

Immigrant Family Lodgings

Blind Beggar, 1888

Italian Rag-Picker

1890s ”Morgue” – Basement Saloon

”Black & Tan” Saloon

”Bandits’ Roost”

Mullen’s Alley ”Gang”

The Street Was Their Playground

Lower East Side Immigrant Family

A Struggling Immigrant Family

Another Struggling Immigrant Family

Rosa Schneiderman, Garment Worker

Child Labor

Average Shirtwaist Worker’s Week 51 hours or less4,5545% hours65,03379% hours12,21115% Over 63 hours5621% Total employees, men and women 82,360

Womens’ Trade Union League

Women Voting for a Strike!

Local 25 with Socialist Paper, The Call

Social and Political Activists Clara Lemlich, Labor Organizer Carola Woerishoffer, Bryn Mawr Graduate

Public Fear of Unions/Anarchists

Arresting the Girl Strikers for Picketing

Scabs Hired

“The Shirtwaist Kings” Max Blanck and Isaac Harris

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Asch Building, 8 th and 10 th Floors

Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

Inside the Building After the Fire

Most Doors Were Locked

Crumpled Fire Escape, 26 Died

One of the Heroes

10 th Floor After the Fire

Dead Bodies on the Sidewalk

One of the “Lucky” Ones?

Rose Schneiderman The Last Survivor

Scene at the Morgue

Relatives Review Bodies 145 Dead

Page of the New York Journal

Tenement Slum Living

Struggling Immigrant Families

Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”

St. Patrick’s Cathedral

Hester Street – Jewish Section

Pell St. - Chinatown, NYC