1 Postharvest Practices: Experiences and Best Practices in Israel and Thailand 28 Mar-8 April 2011 Mr. Khean Sovannara Mr. Chou Cheythyrith, Mr. Chou Cheythyrith,

Outline I. General information. II. Agriculture Production III. Post-harvest Technology IV. Conclusion

Chapter I General Information

Country Profile I. General information Capital Phnom Penh Land Area 181,035 sq.km Population : 14.6 (2009 est.): Rural Population: 82% Agric. contribute about 33.5% of the GDP and agriculture grow is about 5.7% in Crop production was 52.9% of the total contribution.

MAJOR RICE AREAS

Economy Rice cropping plays an important role in the economy Per capita GDP :$731. (2009 est.) Annual growth rate :6.05%. (2008 est.) Agriculture (32% of GDP, 2007 est.): Products--rice, rubber, corn, meat, vegetables, dairy products, sugar, flour. Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 75%

TABLE 8: MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS, 1994, 1999,

Rice Ecosystem 1.Rainfed upland rice 2.Rainfed lowland rice 3.Dry season irrigated rice and 4.Deep-water or floating rice

Part II Agricultural Production

Rice Production Rice: staple food of CambodiaRice: staple food of Cambodia Paddy field about 2.5 million haPaddy field about 2.5 million ha Average yield about 2.8 ton/haAverage yield about 2.8 ton/ha Irrigation facility 22 % of totalIrrigation facility 22 % of total cultivated area Forests cover 53 % of Cambodia's landForests cover 53 % of Cambodia's land Recent production about 6 million tonsRecent production about 6 million tons Rice surplus more than 3 million tonsRice surplus more than 3 million tons Agriculture - products: rice, rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews, tapiocaAgriculture - products: rice, rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews, tapioca

Vegetables Production in the Year DescriptionWet seasonDry seasonTotal Cultivated area28,474 ha21,804 ha50,278 ha Average Yield5.744 T/ha7.30 T/ha6.419 T/ha Production163,555 T159,176 T322,731 T

Fruits Fruit are traditionally cultivated all over the country, on a small scale basis near houses integrating many kind of fruit tree, there is a great diversity of species and nearly all tropical fruits are grown in Cambodia Recently there has been some investment on tropical fruit trees production by local people in the potential areas, particularly in Kompong Cham, Kompot, Speu, Battombong, Kompong Thom and Kandal. The area is about 89,981ha Recently there has been some investment on tropical fruit trees production by local people in the potential areas, particularly in Kompong Cham, Kompot, Kompong Speu, Battombong, Kompong Thom and Kandal. The area is about 89,981ha

Fruits

Total Rice area: 2.585,905 ha  Total Maize area : ha  Total cassava area: ha  Total Sweet potato area: ha  Total Mung bean area : ha  Total Ground nut area : ha  Total Soybean area: ha  Total Sugar cane area : ha  Total Sesame area: ha  Total Vegetable area: ha  Total Fruits area : 120,000 ha  Flowers (Small size of planted area in family) Agricultural Situation

Part III Post Harvest Practices

18 Agricultural marketing system Farmers Middlemen/traders Wholesalers Exporters RetailersConsumers

Mostly rice farmers harvest rice, vegetables and fruit crops by hand. Post-harvest estimated at least 25-40% due to the lack of knowledge, techniques, proper packing and storage.

Storage and Threshing

Transportation

Drying and packaging chili for exporting to Thailand

Organic Chili Production supported by FAO-IFAD Project

Packaging and some export products

Part IV Conclusion

There are so many factors result in low quality and high post-harvest losses such as poor infrastructure and limited resources. Based on Government policy to promote exportation, diversification including market-oriented and value added strategy, post harvest technology is improving.

Conclusion (Cont) We look forward to share and learn more from GMS countries and others. Future cooperation is mostly welcomed to Cambodia

Thank you very much for Your Attention