Defense of Trains and Rail System Infrastructure in Arizona.

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Presentation transcript:

Defense of Trains and Rail System Infrastructure in Arizona. Laura Gladney Tim Lant Erin Mote Rick Rager

Arizona Overview 2100 miles of track. Major rail yard in Tucson. Branch lines through Phoenix. The Union Pacific Sunset Route Arizona’s busiest rail line. Connects Los Angeles, Tucson and El Paso. High volume of industrial cargo. Passenger Routes share lines with cargo trains. Mining Industry dependent on rail transportation. Bottlenecks at Yuma and near Tucson.

Rail Infrastructure Rail Lines in Arizona

Union Pacific Rail Lines in Arizona Rail Infrastructure Union Pacific Rail Lines in Arizona Sunset Route

Rail Infrastructure

Regulation: Federal State Federal Railroad Association DOE/NRC/EPA Set standards for car maintenance & labor standards. DOE/NRC/EPA Set standards and test nuclear waste packaging. Department of Homeland Security Oversight of defense & response through FEMA. Oversight of U.S. Customs U.S. Customs C-TPAT (Customs Trade Partnership against Terrorism) Certification State Only intrastate commerce and transportation!!! Clean-up.

Regulation: Corporate Security and maintenance of all rail assets. Customs Trade Partnership Against Terrorism Certification (C-TPAT) Security assessment & certification TRAMSA (Terrorism Risk Analysis and Security Management Plan) Security alert and response plan. Railway Alert System (RAN) Emergency response system and intelligence sharing. Surface Transportation Information Sharing Analysis Center (ST-ISAC) Protection of railroad IT systems.

Regulation Federal Agency Involvement Dept. of Homeland Security (DOH) Assoc. of American Railroads Railroad Industry Dept. of Transpor- tation (DOT) Depart-ment of Energy (DOE)

Regulation Cont. Department of Energy Nuclear Regulatory Commission DOE Nuclear Regulatory Commission Determines the standards for transportation of nuclear waste

Regulation Cont. Department of Homeland Security Customs- Certification and Cargo Inspection Coast Guard- Cargo Entry Inspection FEMA- Coordination of Emergency Response DOH

Regulation Cont. Department of Transportation Interagency Coordination: FTA- Commuter Rail Security STC- Economic Regulation of Railroads (replaced ICC) OISC - DOT Security Agency ITSJPO – Coordination of all DOT Agencies FRA -Enforcement of Railroad Regulation DOT

Risks & Vulnerabilities Vulnerabilities to terrorism and sabotage: Hazardous cargo moving through high population areas. Industrial chemicals Nuclear waste Critical infrastructure with high traffic. Passenger Trains.

Risks & Vulnerabilities High frequency of train accidents. Less expensive for rail carriers to clean up accidents than to prevent accidents.

Terrorism & Sabotage: Scenario I: HazMat. High population center. Cargo of explosive or hazardous materials.

Terrorism & Sabotage: Scenario I: Specifics. Phoenix, Tempe, or Tucson. Explosives on railcar or derailment. Large Blast Radius or Chemical Cloud. Phoenix Tucson

Terrorism & Sabotage: Scenario I: Policy recommendations. Evacuation plan for metropolitan areas. Patrols of rail lines by local police. Divert shipments around cities when possible. Training for incident response team. Oversight by Office of Homeland Security and Arizona Department of Homeland Security.

Terrorism & Sabotage: Scenario II - Passenger: Amtrack train on Sunset route. High speed derailment or explosion.

Terrorism & Sabotage: Scenario II -Specifics: High speed = High fatalities. Rock slides or high falls. Scenario II – Policy Recommendations: Train Marshalls. Passenger Screenings. Police check bridges and tunnels.

Terrorism & Sabotage: Scenario III – Take out the Bridge! Destroy Yuma Bridge with explosives. Remove rail ties near Tucson. Yuma Bridge

Terrorism & Sabotage: Scenario III: No Alternate Routes!!! Disruption of train service in Southwest, California and Texas. Destruction of critical infrastructure.

Terrorism & Sabotage: Scenario III-Policy Recommendations: Place sensors on bridges to detect tampering. Visual Inspection by local police. Closed circuit monitoring coordinated through ST-IASC.

Terrorism & Sabotage Scenario IV – Nuclear Catastrophe: Attack a train carrying nuclear waste.

Terrorism & Sabotage Scenario IV: Explosives placed on waste package. Derailment will “probably” not work.

Terrorism & Sabotage Scenario IV - Specifics: Waste containers strong enough to withstand crush forces and sustained burn. 40 pounds of shaped high level explosives will vaporize waste and container. 30 times fatal radiation dose from α-radiation. Nuclear chain reaction from γ-radiation. Less than 4% of radioactive waste.

Terrorism & Sabotage Scenario IV – Policy Recommendations: Be very careful with γ-radiation. Existing Policy TRU waste packages. Satellite Navigation Systems. Armed Escorts. Dedicated Trains. Reinforced Train cars. Special cars that check tracks before trains.

Terrorism & Sabotage Other Scenarios. Dirty-Bomb moving through populated area on train. Release of biological agent on train. Computer hacking into control center. Theft of train. Multiple scenario attack.

Questions?