The Beautiful American West!. Nebraska! South Dakota!

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Presentation transcript:

The Beautiful American West!

Nebraska!

South Dakota!

South Dakota - The Badlands!

Montana!

Wyoming!

Buffalo!

Wyoming!

Wyoming - Yellowstone National Park!

Idaho!

Oregon & Washington - The Pacific Northwest!

South To California!

California!

California - Giant Redwoods!

Utah!

Colorado!

Arizona!

Arizona - The Grand Canyon!

How can we go out west?

Before trains (to California)…  Over land: At least 2 months… Food? Water?  Via Panama: 2-6 months… Malaria, Cholera, Smallpox?  Via Cape Horn: 6-10 month… Storms, Expense

Engineering Challenges Finding a route Money No machines: work by hand, pick, & shovel Getting supplies to project Material shortages Workers? Slow communication (weeks, months)

Problems: -Mountains! -Valleys -Snow You can: -Look for the flattest path -Carve through mountains -Use dynamite -Build bridges

Engineering Challenges Finding a route Money No machines: work by hand, pick, & shovel Getting supplies to project Material shortages Workers? Slow communication (weeks, months)

Some Engineering Solutions Money: –Pay by the mile: “Build it fast, fix it later.” –Gov’t support: Pacific Railway Act (1862) Land grants –2 competing companies, meet halfway: Union Pacific: start in Council Bluffs, IOWA! Central Pacific: start in Sacramento, California

The Golden Spike Promontory Summit, Utah -- May 10, 1869

The Golden Spike Promontory Summit, Utah -- May 10, 1869

Workers?

90% -- Chinese immigrants Worked dawn-dusk, $30-35/month White workers: 10 hrs./day, $40/month + meals & housing 2,000 killed, 20,000 injured!

Impacts Time to West Coast: Immediately dropped from 2+ months to less than a week!

Impacts More immigration from Europe Displacement of Native Americans Wilderness --> Agriculture & Commerce You can still enjoy a cross-country train trip! Amtrak.com