Chapter 11 : National and Regional Growth

Section 1: Early Industry and Inventions

1. How did the Industrial Revolution change the way people worked? Farming to Factories Hand tools to machine More goods, more quickly!

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

How did it make its way to America????

How did it make its way to America? No, I’m not Samuel Slater!! The name is John Doe!

2. Four reasons New England was a good place to set up factories?

Rivers for water power Willing workers (subsistence farmers) Seaports for exporting Wealthy investors

3. Who were the “Lowell girls”?

3. Who were the “Lowell girls”? Farm girls who moved into boarding houses to work in Lowell factories Long hours and poor working conditions but living conditions better than at home

4. Who came up with the idea for interchangeable parts 4. Who came up with the idea for interchangeable parts? How did interchangeable parts change industry? Eli Whitney Faster production Easier repairs Assembly line

5. For each inventor, name his invention and tell how his invention impacted life:

Robert Fulton Improved steamboat Faster water transportation

Samuel F.B. Morse telegraph – Morse Code faster communication

http://morsecode.scphillips.com/jtranslator.html

John Deere steel plow for harder soil of Midwest

Cyrus McCormick mechanical reaper faster/easier harvesting crops

Section 2: Plantations and Slavery Spread

6. In what four ways did Eli Whitney’s cotton gin change life in the South?

People moved west to begin Cotton plantations pg. 334

Cotton became the #1 crop – most valuable crop

Native Americans are driven off land to make room for plantations. Pg

Slavery became even more important to the Southern economy

Although slaves made up about 1/3 of the South’s population by 1840, most Southerners did not own slaves!!! Only about 1/3 of white Southerners owned slaves…only 1/10 of those owned 20 or more

8. Describe some of the difficulties free African Americans faced. had to leave state once they became free could not vote or go to school many employers refused to hire them afraid of being sold into slavery

9. What were spirituals? Religious folk songs sung by slaves that often contained coded messages about escape routes.

10. Describe the Nat Turner Rebellion and its effect on African Americans in the South. Slave rebellion 55 whites were killed Turner and his followers were caught/hanged Spread fear in the South Harsher laws for African Americans

Section 3: Nationalism and Sectionalism

11. What was the purpose of the “American System”? Proposed by Henry Clay (nationalist) Make America self-sufficient by: Protective tariff 2nd Bank of the US – uniform $$ Improve transportation systems

12. In what ways was transportation improved during the mid 1800s? National Road Canals PG 339 Steamship Railroads

James Monroe is elected as the 5th President of the United States

First five Presidents in order?

13. Why was Monroe’s administration called the “Era of Good Feeling”? Nationalism /patriotism: War of 1812 Only one political party Federalist Party died out

14. What two court cases strengthened the federal govt 14. What two court cases strengthened the federal govt. during Monroe’s admin.? McCullough v. Maryland state cannot tax a national bank Gibbons v. Ogden interstate (between states) commerce can only be regulated by federal govt

15. How did the US settle disputes with Britain in the early 1800s 15. How did the US settle disputes with Britain in the early 1800s? (two treaties & what they agreed on) Rush-Bagot Agreement – limited both navies on Great Lakes Convention of 1818 – 49th parallel as US/Canadian Border Pg. 341

Seminoles from Florida were raiding Georgia 16. Why were relations tense between US and Spain? LA Purchase boundary Seminoles from Florida were raiding Georgia What was Andrew Jackson sent to do? Stop Seminoles from raiding How did he overstep his authority? Claimed Florida for the US How did the US finally acquire Florida? Adams-Onis Treaty

17/18. define … nationalism sectionalism pride in one’s country putting region/state ahead of the nation

19. How did economic changes contribute to sectionalism? Each section of the country wanted to protect its economic interests…….

West – Food Farmers: wanted cheap land and good transportation Northeast – Factory owners/workers: wanted to protect the interests of factory’s South –Cotton Plantations: wanted to protect the interest of plantation and slave owners

1817 Congress Slave States Free States 11 11 20. Why did the question of admitting Missouri to the Union divide the nation? Adding Missouri as a slave state would disrupt the balance of free/slave states in Congress 1817 Congress Slave States Free States 11 11

21. What law was passed that finally admitted Missouri to the Union? Missouri Compromise Henry Clay – “Great Compromiser” I’ve got an idea….. Lets compromise!

What else happened as a result of this law? Missouri entered as a slave state & Maine entered as a free state Slavery Allowed Slavery

Prohibited in most of Louisiana Territory 22. How did the Missouri Compromise address the issue of slavery in US Territories and future states? Pg. 342 Prohibited in most of Louisiana Territory Missouri Compromise

What events led Monroe to issue the “Monroe Doctrine”? Some European monarchies planned to regain their colonies in Central and South America

23. What did the “Monroe Doctrine” state?

25. What did the “Monroe Doctrine” show about American We considered ourselves a world power!