"Economic aspects of national radio frequency spectrum management” ITU Seminar "Economic aspects of national radio frequency spectrum management” Kyiv, Ukraine, 03-05 July 2007 UWB Regulations Le Devendec Marc, ERO

What is UWB? Regulatory Framework Regulation in the World CEPT: SRR at 24 GHz UWB Systems below 10.6 GHz Next?

Ultra Wide Band??? Ultra-wideband technology (UWB): Short-range radiocommunication Transmission of radio-frequency energy spreading over a very large frequency range Can provide high data rate (more than 100 Mbits/s) at very low transmit power.

Ultra Wide Band Applications Communication devices (Wireless USB) Penetration capabilities: Radar imaging device used to obtain images of obstructed objects. This includes in-wall and through-wall detection, ground penetrating radar, construction and home repair imaging, mining, and surveillance devices. Vehicular radar device: a radar device mounted on land transportation vehicles to detect the location and movement of persons or objects near a vehicle (road safety) Positioning, tracking devices....

UWB: SRR at 24 GHz Short-Range Radars (SRR) are expected to be implemented on cars (up to 10 radars) to ensure a survey of the close environment of the cars for safety purposes intersection blind spot side-crash Park-aid Precrash ACC with Stop&Go Collision warning Pedestrian Protection avoidance Parking aid low speed back-up driving Rear crash lane change support overtake rear collision

Japan + US + Europe = 682 billion Euros Usefulness of Short Range Radar SRR Automotive Radar could address 88% of all causes of Rear-End Crashes Japan + US + Europe = 682 billion Euros DRIVER INATTENTION 68%  OTHER 3% ALCOHOL INATTENTION & FOLLOWING TOO CLOSELY FOLLOWING TOO CLOSELY  9%  9% 11%

Proliferation of devices Problem… ISM band: 24.05-24.25 GHz 5 GHz Band used by EESS, FS, RAS... Compatibility?? Proliferation of devices

Regulatory Framework for UWB Definition of UWB??? Service status ITU RR Article 4.4: Administrations of the Member States shall not assign to a station any frequency in derogation of either the Table of Frequency Allocations in this Chapter or the other provisions of these Regulations, except on the express condition that such a station, when using such a frequency assignment, shall not cause harmful interference to, and shall not claim protection from harmful interference caused by, a station operating in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, the Convention and these Regulations. Application of footnote: 5.340 « all emissions are prohibited… »

Development of a Regulatory Framework 1990s: UWB became practical 1999: First UWB systems available 2000: US inquiry – need to protect GPS 2002: FCC limits Vehicular radar systems Around 24 GHz: RAS, EESS, FS…

FCC limits: Medical Imaging System UMTS EESS *Operation is limited to law enforcement, fire and rescue organizations, scientific research institutions, commercial mining companies, licensed health care practitioners, and construction companies.

FCC limits: Communications Indoor... FSS (3.4-4.2 GHz) EESS * Equipment must be designed to ensure that operation can only occur indoors or it must consist of hand-held devices that may be employed for such activities as peer-to-peer operation. Not acceptable for CEPT!

ITU-R: Task Group 1/8 (TG 1/8) in 2002 Define a Harmonised Regulatory Approach: Question 226/1: Spectrum management framework related to the introduction of UWB devices Question 227/1: Compatibility between UWB devices and radiocommunication services 2006: ITU-R Rec SM.1744 SM.1745 SM.1746 SM.1747 ITU-R Rep SM.2057 US (FCC) CEPT (TG3) Japan Others...

TG 1/8: Outputs Measurement Techniques of UWB emissions Characteristics of UWB Devices Spectrum Management Framework for UWB Compatibility between UWB systems and Other Services Ultra-wideband technology: technology for short-range radiocommunication, involving the intentional generation and transmission of radio-frequency energy that spreads over a very large frequency range, ... Devices using UWB technology typically have intentional radiation from the antenna with either a –10 dB bandwidth of at least 500 MHz or a –10 dB fractional bandwidth greater than 0.2.

Max. Average e.i.r.p density USA/FCC UWB System Frequency Band Max. Average e.i.r.p density Communication and Measurement Systems 3.1-10.6 GHz -41.3 dBm/MHz Ground Penetrating Radar, in-Wall Imaging Systems F<960 MHz Medical Imaging Systems Through-Wall Imaging and Surveillance Systems 1.99 - 10.6 GHz Vehicular Radar Systems 22-29 GHz See also IEEE 802.15

Singapore Authorised technical trials for UWB in a specific geographical location (UWB friendly zone) Emissions limits from 2.2 GHz to 10.6 GHz 6 dB above FCC limit

Ongoing in China, South Korea... Hong Kong 3.1 – 10.6 GHz band open for UWB trials Eirp density limits 8 dB above the FCC limit 3.1 – 10.6 GHz band is assigned for indoor trials 4.2 – 10.6 GHz band is assigned for outdoor trials Japan 3.4 – 4.8 GHz -41.3 dBm/MHz with Detect And Avoid (DAA) or -70dBm/MHz without DAA 4.2 – 4.8 GHz: interim basis (2009) without restriction 4.8 – 7.25 GHz: 29 dB more stringent than FCC limit 7.25 – 10.25 GHz: same limit as FCC SRR 24 GHz ongoing Ongoing in China, South Korea...

Australia New- Zealand 2004: April: Interim licence for an UWB ground penetrating radar December: Extended interim licensing for other devices 2006: Licence for UWB in the frequency range 22-26.5 GHz New- Zealand 2005: Licences to low potential to cause inteference, on a case-by-case basis In addition, trials ongoing SRR: General User Licence, on a ”non interference, non protected” basis, until June 2013

CEPT: SRR 24 GHz (1) 2004: ECC Report 23: Compatibility of automotive collision warning Short Range Radar operating at 24 GHz with FS, EESS and Radio Astronomy ECC Decisions (ECC/DEC/(04)10): Frequency bands to be designated for the temporary introduction of Automotive Short Range Radars (SRR) ECC Report 46: Immunity of 24 GHz automotive SRRs operating on a non-interference and non-protected basis from emissions of the primary Fixed Service operating in the 23 GHz and 26 GHz frequency bands 2005: ECC Report 085: Guidance for 24 GHz Short Range Radar (SRR) enforcement

ECC Decisions (ECC/DEC/(04)10) CEPT: SRR 24 GHz (2) ECC Decisions (ECC/DEC/(04)10) A ‘package solution’ A permanent frequency band – 79 GHz A temporary solution in 24 GHz before 2013 Legal certainty of ‘stop placing on the market’ Monitoring process of market access (maximum 7% ) Review process with all parties involved (2009) Automatic geographical deactivation to protect Radio Astronomy sites Penetration rate

CEPT: SRR 24 GHz EC 2005/50/EC: Commission Decision of Jan 17th, 2005, on the harmonisation of the 24 GHz range radio spectrum band for the time-limited use by automotive short-range radar equipment in the Community Implementation of SRR: Memorandum of Understanding Next Steps: CEPT: review in 2009 Follow up of implementation Implementation of ECC/EC Decision in Europe (11 countries) Discussions are ongoing in Russia…

CEPT: UWB below 10.6 GHz EC: UWB below 10.6 GHz ECC Report 64 Protection requirements of radiocommunication systems below 10.6 GHz from Generic Ultra-wide Band (UWB) applications was adopted February 2005 ECC/DEC/(06)04 Harmonised conditions for devices using Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology in bands below 10.6 GHz 2007/131/EC Allowing the use of the radio spectrum for equipment using ultra-harmonised manner in the Community

EC Decision on UWB Frequency Range (GHz) Maximum mean e.i.r.p density (dBm/MHz) Maximum peak e.i.r.p denisty (dBm/50MHz) Below 1.6 -90 -50 1.6 to 3.4 -85 -45 3.4 to 3.8 3.8 to 4.2 -70 -30 4.2 to 4.8 -41.3 (until 31 Dec. 2010) -70 (beyond 31 Dec. 2010) 0 (until 31 Dec 20101) -30 (beyond 31 Dec. 2010) 4.8 to 6 6 to 8.5 -41.3 8.5 to 10.6 -65 -25 Above 10.6 In addition: a maximum mean e.i.r.p. density of – 41,3 dBm/MHz is allowed in the 3,4 to 4,8 GHz band if mitigation techniques are implemented (DAA…)

Others Applications GPR/WPR Ground Probing Radar / Wall Probing Radars (EN 302 066) BMA Building Material Analysis and Classification - 2.2 GHz to 8 GHz (draft EN 302 435) LT Location Tracking - indoor (draft EN 302 500) and outdoor - 6 GHz to 9 GHz OIS Object Identification for Surveillance - 2.2 GHz to 8.5 GHz (draft EN 302 501) LAES Location Application for Emergency Services (TR 102 496) Generic Limits too stringent (i.e. for BMA below 4.2 GHz) and do not permit the use of some applications Relaxation of the limit + mitigation techniques (LBT, DAA…)

Summary 24 GHz UWB below 10.6 GHz Non-interference, non-protected basis E.i.r.p of -41.3dBm/MHz Additional limitations to protect passive bands Move to higher frequencies (79 GHz) UWB below 10.6 GHz Generic Limit Application-by-Applications approach Mitigation Techniques

Next SRR Review and Implementation Developement of Regulation for specific UWB applications (ODC Object Discrimination and Characterization - draft EN 302 498)… EC Mandate on 3.1 - 3.4 GHz (-85dBm/MHz) and 8.5 – 9 GHz (-65dBm/MHz) ”UWB” in higher frequencies 7GHz aroung 60 GHz Agenda Item on UWB for one of the next WRC??

Looking for More information?? www.itu.int www.etsi.org www.ero.dk www.ec.europa.eu The end Thanks you for your attention ! European Radiocommunications Office Peblingehus, Nansensgade 19 DK-1366 Copenhagen Denmark Phone: +45 33 89 63 22 Fax: +45 33 89 63 30 E-mail: ledevendec@ero.dk Web: www.ero.dk