IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/ Facebook is the most popular social network, with over 500 million active users. Chapter 5 Enhancing Collaboration Using Web 2.0

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Defining Web 2.0 Dynamic Web applications that allow people to collaborate and share information online A shift in the users’ role from passive consumer of content to creator Example: articles in the online encyclopedia Wikipedia are jointly written and edited by the online community. Amazon.com incorporates book reviews from its customers. 5-2

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Defining Web 2.0 Social Software (or social media) Enterprise 2.0 Collective Intelligence MySpace/Facebook/LinkedIn Distributed groups of people with a divergent range of information and expertise will be able to outperform the capabilities of individual experts. 5-3

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Defining Web Shifting Perspectives from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Enhancing Communication with Web 2.0 Blogs Social Presence Instant Messaging Virtual Worlds 5-5

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Blogs 5-6 Blogging is the process of creating an online text diary (a blog, or Web log). Traditional media giants (e.g. CNN) use blogs. Companies increasingly use blogs to connect with their employees or customers. Blogosphere is the community of all blogs.

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Examples of Prominent Blogs 5-7 Controversy of Blogs Called the “amateurization” of journalism Some bloggers cut journalistic corners.

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Social Presence Social presence tools (sometimes called micro blogging tools) Twitter has become a source for breaking news.  Example: Crash of US Airways flight

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Instant Messaging Instant messaging (or online chat) emulates real- time written conversations. Immediate feedback from conversation partners Social networking sites, such as Facebook, have integrated instant messaging. Most instant messaging environments also support both video and voice communication. Many organizations use instant messaging for internal communications, sales, and customer support. 5-9

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Virtual Worlds Virtual worlds consist of 3D environments where people can interact and build, buy, or sell virtual items, all using their personalized avatar. 5-10

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Enhancing Cooperation with Web 2.0 Media Sharing Social Bookmarking Social Cataloging Tagging 5-11

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Media Sharing Sharing pictures, videos, audio, and presentations on the Web Flickr (images), YouTube (videos) Netcasting (or podcasting)—distribution of digital media, such as audio or video files via syndication feeds 5-12 Educational sector uses netcasts for lectures, lab demonstrations, or sports events. (Example: via Apple iTunes U)

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Social Bookmarking Users share Internet bookmarks and create categorization systems (folksonomies). Example: Delicious and Digg 5-13

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Social Cataloging Creation of a categorization system by users Contributors build up catalogs regarding specific topics; such as academic citations, wireless networks, books and music, and so on. Example: Zotero 5-14

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Tagging Manually adding metadata to media or other content Metadata is data about data. Example: picture metadata:  date and time  focal length  shutter speed  aperture value Tags enable searching using keywords Geotagging—tags include geospatial data. 5-15

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Tag Clouds 5-16 The size of a word in a tag cloud represents its importance or frequency so that it is easy to spot the most important or frequent words or tags.

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Enhancing Collaboration with Web Collaboration can be done:  Synchronously (i.e., at the same time)  Chatting online, video conference, and so on  Asynchronously (i.e., not coordinated in time)  , discussion boards, and so on Virtual Team  Group members in different places assembled to work on a project  Rush University Medical Center  Uses virtual medical teams  Patients get best health care regardless of where they reside.

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Virtual Teams Members of highly specialized virtual teams are often not colocated. 5-18

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Tools for Collaboration Collaboration tools help with many different communication needs, such as talking, sharing documents, or making decisions. 5-19

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Web-Based Collaboration Tools Benefits and Risks 5-20

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Google Apps Google Apps is a family of Web-based collaboration tools  Gmail— client  Google Calendar—collaborative calendar allowing users to share events  Google Talk—instant messaging client  Google Docs—online office suite (word processing, spreadsheet, presentation)  Google Sites—group Web sites 5-21

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Microsoft SharePoint Microsoft SharePoint is a document management platform that can be used to host Web sites that enable shared workspaces and integrate other collaborative applications, such as wikis and blogs.  It also includes workflow functionality such as to-do lists, discussion boards, and messaging alerts.  It is easily customizable. 5-22

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Content Management Systems Content management systems allow users to publish, edit, version track, and retrieve digital information. Content—documents, images, audio files, videos, or anything that can be digitized. Typical roles in a content management system:  Creator  Editor  Administrator  Guest 5-23

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Wikis 5-24 Wiki: a Web site allowing people to  Post, edit, add, comment  Access information Wiki: a Web site that is linked to a database  Keeps history of prior versions and changes  Allows for reversing any edits Wikipedia is the most popular wiki.  Over 15 million articles  270 languages

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Examples of Wikis 5-25

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Human-Based Computing (Crowdsourcing) 5-26 Using everyday people to outsource work Eli Lilly’s InnoCentive  Company posts problems and anyone can take a shot at solving them Amazon’s Mechanical Turk  Allows anyone to post problems  Users are compensated for correct or useful answers E-lancing  Posting individual projects for anyone to bid on

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Enhancing Connection with Web 2.0 Social Networking Viral Marketing Social Search Syndication Web Services Widgets Mashups 5-27

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Social Networking Communities 5-28 Social networking  Business uses (e.g. LinkedIn)  Social uses (e.g. Facebook, MySpace)

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Viral Marketing 5-29 Marketing-driven by word-of-mouth, similar to how viruses are transmitted Promoting a product / service via online content that can be shared.  Example: BMW short films by famous directors Critical Factors of Viral Marketing (Thomas Baekdal):  Do something unexpected.  Make people feel something.  Make sequels.  Allow sharing and easy distribution.  Never restrict access to the content.

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Social Search Finding relevant information has become increasingly difficult on the Web. Returning the most relevant results to each user is the holy grail for search engines. Search engines such as Google or Bing now offer social search functionality. Include content from social networks, blogs, or microblogging services. Narrow the results to content from one’s online social circle. Let users annotate or tag search results. 5-30

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Syndication Real Simple Syndication (RSS)—a family of syndication feeds used to publish current blogs, podcasts, videos, and news stories RSS feeds typically contain a synopsis of a document or the full text. RSS feeds can be read by most Web browsers.

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Web Services Web services allow data to be accessed without intimate knowledge of other organizations’ systems, enabling machine-to-machine interaction over the Internet Web services allow any device to use any network to access any service.

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Benefits of Web Services 1. Utilizing the existing Internet infrastructure (i.e., no new technologies are needed) 2. Accessing remote or local data without having to know the complexities of this access 3. Creating unique and dynamic applications quickly and easily 5-33

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Google Web Services Android—for building mobile phone applications. Search—allows users to create customized search features in Google. Calendar—for managing personal calendars. Maps—used to integrate Google’s mapping system into Web sites. OpenSocial—allows users to build applications that work with multiple social communities, such as Friendster and LinkedIn. 5-34

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Widgets 5-35 Small interactive tools  Typically for a single purpose  Can be placed on desktop or integrated into Web pages  Started on the MAC OS  Now available everywhere

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Mashups 5-36 Idea of mashups came from popular music where a song is produced by mixing other existing songs. Combination of two or more Web services  Creates unique applications  Google, Yahoo, Microsoft and others have created mashup editors.

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Future Web Capabilities 5-37 Semantic Web  Originally envisioned by Tim Berners-Lee  Web pages are designed so that computers are able to read and index the pages. Web 3.0  World Wide Database  Open Technologies  Open ID  Integration of Legacy Devices  Intelligent Applications

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Managing the Enterprise 2.0 Strategy Organizational Issues  Enterprise-Web  Culture  Organizational Context  Organizational Hierarchies  Network Effects and Critical Mass  Generation Gap  Technological Inertia  Technological Integration  Security 5-38

IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) 5/e Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 9/21/2015 Managing the Enterprise 2.0 Strategy Pitfalls of Web 2.0 Marketing  Online Product Reviews  Microblogging  Social Networks  Viral Marketing 5-39