Reproduction in living organisms (other organisms … not you) (that topic is covered in health class)

Asexual reproduction 1 parent 1 parent Offspring genetically identical to parent Offspring genetically identical to parent

Asexual reproduction Examples: binary fission (bacteria), fragmentation (protists), budding (fungi), vegetative reproduction (plants) Examples: binary fission (bacteria), fragmentation (protists), budding (fungi), vegetative reproduction (plants) ALL variations on mitosis

Sexual reproduction 2 parents 2 parents Offspring inherit ½ from dad, ½ from mom Offspring inherit ½ from dad, ½ from mom Meiosis generates gametes, also generates genetic variety in offspring Meiosis generates gametes, also generates genetic variety in offspring

Human life cycle Multicellular diploid organism (2n) Unicellular haploid cells (gametes) (n) meiosis Unicellular diploid zygote (2n) fertilization mitosis Meiosis – splitting chromosome pairs – 2n n Mitosis – making exact copy

Protists / fungi / plants Multicellular diploid organism (2n) Unicellular haploid cells (n) meiosis Unicellular diploid zygote (2n) mitosis (spores) Multicellular haploid organism (n) mitosis Unicellular haploid gametes (n) fertilization sporophyte gametophyte mitosis

Human life cycle Multicellular diploid organism (2n) Unicellular haploid cells (gametes) (n) meiosis Unicellular diploid zygote (2n) fertilization mitosis

Protists / fungi / plants Multicellular diploid organism (2n) Unicellular haploid cells (n) meiosis Unicellular diploid zygote (2n) mitosis (spores) Multicellular haploid organism (n) mitosis Unicellular haploid gametes (n) fertilization mitosis

Moss (nonvascular plants) gametophyte sporophyte gametophyte dominates

Ferns (seedless vascular plants) sporophyte sporophyte dominates

Pine tree Gymnosperms tiny gametophyte inside cone sporophyte sporophyte dominates

Sunflower Angiosperms tiny gametophyte inside bottom of flower rest of plant = sporophyte sporophyte dominates