What is philosophy? What do you think of when you hear the word “Philosophy” in conversation?

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Presentation transcript:

What is philosophy? What do you think of when you hear the word “Philosophy” in conversation?

Philosophy The word “philosophy” comes from two Greek roots, philein, “to love”, and sophia, meaning wisdom. Philosophy is the love of wisdom. What is the goal of philosophy ? What do you think? What do you hope to gain from studying philosophy? Philosophy vs. enculturation Philosophy and the role of critical thinking

The Myth of the Cave - Plato

What is the significance of this parable? Philosophy aims for genuine freedom of thought. Philosophers strive for autonomy. According to the text, philosophy can be defined as “the activity of critically and carefully examining the reasons behind the most fundamental assumptions of our human lives”. What are some fundamental assumptions about our lives?

Divisions in Philosophy The fields of philosophy that are discussed in this book are epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics. Epistemology questions (among other things) how we know what we know. It is the study of knowledge. Theoretical thinking, anarchical thinking.

Metaphysics Metaphysics is the study of the ultimate characteristics of reality or existence. Is there a God? Do we have free will or are we determined? Do we have souls? Does karma operate in the universe?

Ethics Ethics is the study of morality. What does it mean to say something is good or right? Where do my values come from? Where should my values come from? Should I eat animals? Should I ever tell a lie? Is the death penalty ethical? These are to name just a few of the very many questions which are examined in ethics.

Socrates Socrates was born in 469BC in Athens, Greece. He challenged powerful people about issues such as justice. Who has heard of Socrates? What do you know about him? What is the Socratic method?

The Buddha What is the wheel of existence?

Actualizing Needs Maslow Aristotle Can philosophy help us actualize our needs?

Western Male Bias? Why do so many philosophy texts feature the work of only white males? Are white males the only people that philosophize? Of course not! Hence, we will study feminist philosophy, Eastern Philosophy, African Philosophy along with traditional western philosophy.