1 Properties of matter

2 General Properties of Matter u Matter is anything that has mass and volume u Everything is made of matter

3 What are properties? u Characteristics used to describe an object u Ex: color, odor, shape, size, texture,hardness u video video

4 General Properties of matter u Mass, weight, volume, and density u Properties are used to identify a substance

5 What is mass? u Mass is the amount of matter in an object u Mass is constant u Mass is also the measure of inertia

6 What is inertia? u Inertia is the resistance of an object to changes in its motion u The more mass the greater the inertia

7 Questions u How is mass related to inertia? u Why are properties of an object important?

8 Force and inertia u When an object is at rest, a force is needed to overcome the inertia to make it move and to stop the object’s motion

9 Question u Which object has more inertia, an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks? Why?

10 Question u What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly?

11 Question u Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt?

12 Question u What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place?

13 Question u What other safety features are present in a car in response to a person’s inertia in a moving vehicle?

14 Weight u The measure of the force of gravity on the mass of an object u Weight changes with gravity u The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)

15 Weight formula u 1 kg = 2.2 pounds u Weight is mass times gravity (9.8 m/s 2 ) u W= m x g u What is your mass? u What is your weight in Newtons?

16 What is gravity? u The force of attraction between objects is gravity u All objects exert a gravitational force on each other

17 Question u Why can’t you feel the attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth?

18 Gravitational pull u The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force

19 Question u Why can’t we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive?

20 What affects gravity? u The pull of gravity weakens as the distance between objects increases u gravity depends on mass and distance

21 Gravity u The further an object is from the center of the earth, the less the object will weigh

22 Question u Would you weigh less, more, or the same on top of Mount Everest?

23 Question u The moon is smaller than the earth. How would your weight be different on the moon?

24 Questions u What are three properties of matter related to mass?

25 Question u What is density and how is it calculated?

26 Density u The density of water is 1.0 g/ml u Objects with densities greater than 1.0 will sink in water

27 Density u Objects with densities less than 1.0 g/ml will float on water

28 Ice u Ice floats therefore it is less dense than water u Ice mostly remains underwater with only a portion of it being exposed

29 Astronomy fact! u The planet Saturn has a density of less than 1.0 g/ml. If there was an ocean big enough to hold it, it would float!

30 Calculations u If 96.5 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters, what is the density of gold?

31 Calculation u If 96.5 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm 3, what is the density of aluminum?

32 Calculation u If the density of a diamond is 3.5 g/cm 3, what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 0.5 cm 3 ?

33 Questions u What is another name for a chemical change? u Describe sublimation. u How is a chemical change different from a physical change?