2005 Air Emissions Inventory Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants Inventory Southern Ute Indian Reservation, Colorado Presented by : Brenda Sakizzie, SUIT Senior Air Quality Specialist

Southern Ute Indian Reservation, Colorado

SUIT Air Quality

Purpose Obtain and update baseline emissions data from various sources within the Reservations exterior boundaries. Last SUIT EI conducted was The data will be used track total emissions of numerous criteria pollutants including: – Nitric Oxides (NOx), –Carbon Monoxide (CO), –Particulate Matter (PM 10/2.5), –Sulfur Oxides (SOx), –Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s), and –Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).

Source Categories Point Sources: –Title V Stationary Sources. Area Sources: –Oil & Gas Wells, Well-head Minor Source Compressors, Fireplace & Wood Burning Stoves, Propane Use, Airports, Gas Stations, Landfill Gas, Gravel Pits, & Agricultural. Mobile Sources: –On-Road Mobile Sources (paved), On-Road Mobile Sources (unpaved), and Non-Road Mobile Sources. Biogenic Sources

Data collection The data collection responsibilities were divided between the Southern Ute Indian Tribe (SUIT) Air Quality Program staff and ITEP 2006 summer intern. The Tribe collected data for: –all major point sources –landfills, gravel pits, gas stations, airports, mobile sources, –biogenic emissions, and other area sources. Utilized Tribal Emissions Inventory Software Solution (TEISS) for emissions calculations. Utilized BEIS Software Utilized LandGEM software

Point Sources (Title V Sources) Definition Stationary sources with potential emissions of > 100 tons per year of any criteria pollutant. Stationary source with potential to emit > 10 tons per year of any HAP or 25 tons per year of more then one HAP (as defined by EPA)

Point Source Emissions Point sources emissions on the SUIT Reservation consisting of compressor stations and gas treatment facilities for natural gas production and distribution. CONO x VOCSO2PM10-PriFormaldehyde Total HAPs 6, , , All emissions for the Title V Sources on the Reservation were taken directly from the Title V permits, Title V Permit Statement of Basis, & Title V Permit Applications Point Source (Title V) Emissions on the SUIT Reservation (tons per year) (SOURCE: pg 12 of “SUIT 2005 EI” in Table 3.1)

Area Sources Definition: Stationary Sources with actual emissions between 2 and 100 tons per year of any criteria pollutant. All other HAP emitting stationary sources that emit between 2 and 10 tons per year of any specific HAP. –(as defined by EPA) Includes Oil & Gas Wells, Well-head Minor Source Compressors, Fireplace & Wood Burning Stoves, Propane use, Airports, Gas Stations, Landfill Gas, Gravel Pits and Agricultural.

Well-head & Minor Compressor Source Emissions Well-head & minor source compression is on the SUIT Reservation where additional compression is needed to extract natural gas from geologic formations. Approximately ~200 small compressor engines are located within the exterior boundaries of the Reservation (exclude Title V sources). Data provided by the natural gas production companies. –Emission information for each operating compressor engine.

Area Source Emissions Tentative 2005 Area Source Emissions on SUIT Reservation (tons per year) *NOTE: Final emission values for minor source compressors are pending.* (SOURCE: pg 27 of “SUIT 2005 EI” in Table 7.1) Source TypeEmissions SourceCONO x VOCPM 10 SO x HAP* Area Sources Oil & Gas wells9, , , Well-head compressors2,666.13*2,794.62*911.97* Fireplace & Wood Burning Stoves Propane use Airports Gas Stations Landfills Gravel Pits Totals12, , ,

Mobile Sources Definition: Mobile sources consist of On-road (paved), On-road (unpaved) and non-road mobile sources. –On-road sources consist of mobile sources licensed for use on highways or roadways. –Non-road sources consist of other mobile sources (construction equipment, lawn/garden equipment, boats, airplanes, etc).

Mobile Source Emissions Source Types Emissions SourceCONO x VOCPM 10 SO x HAP* On-Road Mobile Sources On-road Mobile (paved)3, On-road Mobile (unpaved) Non- Road Mobile Sources Non-road Mobile1, Mobile Source Emissions on the SUIT Reservation (tons per year) *NOTE: On-road Mobile (unpaved) data are pending at this time.* (SOURCE: pg 22 of “SUIT 2005 EI” in Table 5.1)

Biogenic Definition: Biogenic sources include only those pollutants that result from some sort of biological activity. Biogenic emissions represent a significant portion of the natural source emissions acting as ozone precursors; specifically, VOC, NOx, Isoprene, and Monoterpene.

Biogenic Emissions IsopreneMonoterpeneOrganic VOCNO LaPlata Totals (kg)10,360, ,131, ,917, , % of County covered by Res.39.60% Archuleta Totals (kg)10682, ,036, ,739, , % of County covered by Res.29.00% LaPlata Emissions on Res. (kg)4, ,031, ,343, , Archuleta Emissions on Res. (kg)3,097, ,460, ,664, , Reservation Totals (kg)7,200, ,492, ,007, , Reservation Totals (tons)7, , , Total Biogenic Emissions on the SUIT Reservation (tons per year) (SOURCE: pg 25 of “SUIT 2005 EI” in Table 6.1)

Summary of Results The 2005 SUIT Emissions Inventory found: *Tentative 2005 Total Emissions by Pollutant (tons) within the exterior boundaries of the Southern Ute Indian Tribe Reservation*.

Pollutants in Comparison with the State of CO State of ColoradoSUIT Reservation CO87,62824,487* NOx34,84612,704* SO26,55931* VOC124,57842,309* PM10PRI157,87582* HAP 657* State of Colorado Data collected from WRAP. *NOTE: Tentative 2005 SUIT Reservation Total Emissions.*

Pollutants in Perspective State of Colorado Data colleted from WRAP. *NOTE: Tentative 2005 SUIT Reservation Total Emissions.*

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Definition: VOCs are constituents of household/building products, adhesives, paints, etc. Carbon based molecules and emitted as organic gases through combustion. VOC emissions contribute to ozone formation. Toluene Hexane chloro-trifluoro-methane Benzene

Volatile Organic Compounds *NOTE: Tentative 2005 SUIT Reservation Total VOC Emissions.*

Areas of Further Research: –Consider developing an agreement with private aircraft owners to maintain aircraft landings/take-offs records for future SUIT EI. –Include ammonia emissions, which EPA Region 6 is currently performing Passive Ammonia Sampling study to determine significance of ammonia emissions on Tribal lands, if any. –Emission estimates from agricultural wind erosion and tilling operations were inconclusive. In the future, the SUIT EI should includes these emission when available on TEISS.

Future notes to keep in mind: Keep records of data collected for future references. Maintain a contact list. Submit letter of emission information requests as early as possible –Include deadline dates and detailed spreadsheet/ questionaire of emission information to be provided.

Questions?

Contact Info: Southern Ute Indian Tribe Air Quality Program P.O. Box 737 Ignacio CO Telephone: