Naming Ionic Compounds Learning the Language of Chemistry

Naming Ionic Compounds Ionic Compounds are composed of two parts. Metal (Positive, Cation) Non-Metal (Negative, Anion)

Naming Ionic Compounds There are two types of Ionic compounds: Binary Ionic Compounds Two ions present (one metal and one non-metal) Ternary Ionic Compounds Three or more elements (one metal and one polyatomic ion) When combining ions to form an ionic compound it must have a net charge of ZERO!

Naming Ionic Compounds Calcium and Oxygen Calcium has what charge when it becomes an ion? Oxygen has what charge when it becomes an ion? What ratio will these two ions combine to form a compound? (Remember the charges must add up to equal zero!) Ca 2+ O 2- CaO The charges cancel each other out! +2 + (-2) = 0

Naming Ionic Compounds Barium and Nitrogen Barium has what charge when it becomes an ion? Nitrogen has what charge when it becomes an ion? What ratio will these two ions combine to form a compound? (Remember the charges must add up to equal zero!) Ba 2+ N 3- Ba 3 N 2 The charges cancel each other out! 3(+2) + (2(-3)) = 0

Naming Ionic Compounds When naming binary ionic compounds: 1. You first name the cation (metal, positive), which is the same name as the element 2. Second you name the anion (non-metal, negative) with the ending –ide

Naming Ionic Compounds NaCl CaCl 2 Sr 3 N 2 Sodium Chloride Calcium Chloride Strontium Nitride

Naming Ionic Compounds Acetate- C 2 H 3 O 2 - Nitrite- NO 2 - Nitrate- NO 3 - Silicate- SiO 3 2- Cyanide- CN - Phosphate- PO 4 3- Phosphite- PO 3 3- Ammonium- NH 4 + Hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate- HCO 3 - Dichromate- Cr 2 O 7 2- Chromate- CrO 4 2- Carbonate- CO 3 2- Oxalate- C 2 O 4 2- Permanganate- MnO 4 - Sulfate- SO 4 2- Sulfite- SO 3 2- Hydroxide- OH - Hypochlorite- ClO - Chlorite- ClO 2 - Chlorate- ClO 3 - Perchlorate- ClO 4 -

Naming Ionic Compounds Barium and Nitrate Barium has what charge when it becomes an ion? Nitrate has what charge when it becomes an ion? What ratio will these two ions combine to form a compound? (Remember the charges must add up to equal zero!) Ba 2+ NO 3 - Ba(NO 3 ) 2 The charges cancel each other out! +2 + (2(-1)) = 0 We use () to keep the polyatomic together and show the number of nitrates present

Naming Ionic Compounds When naming Ternary ionic compounds 1. You first name the cation (metal, positive), which is the same name as the element 2. Second you name the polyatomic anion (non-metal, negative) with the ending of either –ite or –ate (some polyatomics do end in –ide)

Naming Ionic Compounds NaNO 3 CaCO 3 Ba(OH) 2 Sodium nitrate Calcium carbonate Barium hydroxide

Naming Ionic Compounds But what about those pesky transition metals? Those ions that have more than one possible charge? We use Roman numerals to describe the charge! Example: Iron (III) ion

Naming Ionic Compounds Iron (III) oxide Iron (II) oxide Copper (II) nitrate Fe 2 O 3 FeO Cu(NO 3 ) 2