Presidential Election of 1808

James Madison Becomes President

Dolly Madison

1. Napoleonic Wars Q1806 Berlin Decrees =Continental System Q1806 Britain issued the Order in Council. Q1807 Milan Decrees Q Britain impressed over 6,000 American sailors.

2. Chesapeake Affair QJune 21, QBr. Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake. Q3 dead, 18 wounded. QBr. Foreign Office said it was a mistake. QJeffersons Response: Forbade Br. ships to dock in American ports. Forbade Br. ships to dock in American ports. Ordered state governors to call up as much as 100,000 militiamen. Ordered state governors to call up as much as 100,000 militiamen.

Chesapeake-Leopard Affair

3. The Embargo Act (1807) The OGRABME Turtle QForbade export of all goods from the US. QUnexpected Consequences: Unexpected? 1807 exports $108 mil exports $108 mil exports $ 22 mil exports $ 22 mil.

4. The Non-Intercourse Act (1809) QReplaced the Embargo Act. QReopened trade with all nations EXCEPT Britain and France. QRemained U. S. policy until QUnexpected Consequences: NE was forced to become self-sufficient again [old factories reopened]. NE was forced to become self-sufficient again [old factories reopened]. Laid the groundwork for US industrial power. Laid the groundwork for US industrial power. Jefferson, a critic of an industrial America, ironically contributed to Hamiltons view of the US! Jefferson, a critic of an industrial America, ironically contributed to Hamiltons view of the US!

Macons Bill #2 QReplaced non-intercourse QReopened trade with all countries QIf either Britain or France agreed to recognize our neutral rights, wed cut off trade with the other one.

5. Br. Instigation of Indians British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh

6. War Hawks in Congress Henry Clay [KY] John C. Calhoun [SC]

Political Cartoon of the Period

Presidential Election of 1812

Mr. Madisons War!

American Problems QThe US was unprepared militarily: Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britains 800 ships. Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britains 800 ships. Americans disliked a draft preferred to enlist in the disorganized state militias. Americans disliked a draft preferred to enlist in the disorganized state militias. QFinancially unprepared: Flood of paper$ (B.U.S. expired 1811) Flood of paper$ (B.U.S. expired 1811) Revenue from import tariffs declined. Revenue from import tariffs declined. QRegional disagreements

Overview of the War

Campaigns of 1813

Attack on Ft. Oswego, 1814

The White House Is Burning; The British Are Coming, AGAIN!! (August 24, 1814)

Battle of Fort McHenry, 1814 And the rockets red glare The bombs bursting in air… -- Francis Scott Key

Gave proof through the night, That our flag was still there..

The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

Jacksons Florida Campaigns

Hartford Convention December, 1814 – January, 1815 December, 1814 – January, 1815 Manifestation of NE opposition to the war Manifestation of NE opposition to the war Considered secession: war not in NE interests Considered secession: war not in NE interests Proposed several constitutional amendments Proposed several constitutional amendments

2/3 vote required for entry of new states 2/3 vote required for entry of new states No embargo for more than 60 days No embargo for more than 60 days Any restriction of trade with a specific country requires a 2/3 vote Any restriction of trade with a specific country requires a 2/3 vote

Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814 The status quo ante.

Results of the War Results more important than events Results more important than events Battle of New Orleans was how Americans defined the war: We Win!! Battle of New Orleans was how Americans defined the war: We Win!! Andrew Jackson becomes national hero Andrew Jackson becomes national hero Generated nationalism and desire for economic independence Generated nationalism and desire for economic independence