Serum dilution OD 405 nm PNAG CP5 CP8 AB C Supplemental Figure 1: ELISA analysis of IgG antibody binding in the pre-immune sera of the 9 groups of mice immunized with S. aureus antigens: (A) Binding to PNAG (0.06 ug/well), (B) Binding to CP5 (3 ug/well), (C) Binding to CP8 (3 ug/well). Positive controls used for (A), (B) and (C) are presented in Figure 2d.

OD 405 nm Serum dilution PNAG CP5 CP8 Serum dilution OD 405 nm AB CD PNAG CP5 CP8 A. Binding to PNAG (0.06 ug/well). B. Binding to CP5 (3 ug/well), (C) Binding to CP8 (3 ug/well). Mice immunized with the indicated antigens. Dashed lines: no immune response to PNAG, CP5 or CP8 detected in sera from mice injected with vaccines not containing these antigens. D: Top, center and bottom: positive controls used for (A): Rabbit polyclonal antibodies to PNAG, (B): Mouse monoclonal antibodies to CP5 and (C): Rabbit polyclonal antibodies to CP8. Supplemental Figure 2: IgG responses to S. aureus antigens following immunization

Combinations of antigens given togetherCombinations of antigens given separately Percent S. aureus Newman killed (dPNAG-TT + CP5-TT) (dPNAG-TT + CP8-TT) (dPNAG-TT + CP5-TT + CP8-TT) (dPNAG-TT) + (CP5-TT) (dPNAG-TT) + (CP8-TT) (dPNAG-TT) + (CP5-TT + CP8-TT) A Supplemental Figure 3A: Killing of S. aureus Newman (CP5) at the indicated concentration in antisera from mice immunized with combinations of dPNAG- TT, CP5-TT and CP8-TT administrated together or separately into different flanks but at the same time. No killing >30% was detected in any antiserum. Controls: Pre- immune sera. Serum dilutions Pre-immune sera

Combinations of antigens given togetherCombinations of antigens given separately Percent S. aureus Newman killed (dPNAG-TT + CP5-TT) (dPNAG-TT + CP8-TT) (dPNAG-TT + CP5-TT + CP8-TT) (dPNAG-TT) + (CP5-TT) (dPNAG-TT) + (CP8-TT) (dPNAG-TT) + (CP5-TT + CP8-TT) B Supplemental Figure 3B: Killing of S. aureus PS80 (CP8) at the indicated concentration in antisera from mice immunized with combinations of dPNAG-TT, CP5-TT and CP8-TT administrated together or separately into different flanks but at the same time. No killing >30% was detected in any antiserum. Controls: Pre-immune sera. Serum dilutions Pre-immune sera

Supplemental Figure 3C: Killing of S. aureus LAC (Non-typable) by sera from mice immunized with the indicated antigens. Only antibody to dPNAG-TT mediated killing >30%. Control: Pre-immune serum. Antigens administrated alone Combinations of antigens given together Combinations of antigens given separately Percent S. aureus LAC killed CP5-TT CP8-TT (dPNAG-TT+ CP5-TT) (dPNAG-TT+ CP8-TT) (dPNAG-TT+ CP-TT5 + CP8-TT) (dPNAG-TT) + (CP5-TT) (dPNAG) + (CP8-TT) (dPNAG-TT) + (CP5-TT+CP8-TT) Control Immune sera Pre-immune sera dPNAG-TT

 ica+  cap  ica  cap S. aureus MN8 mutants used for the absorption  ica+  cap  ica  cap  ica+  cap  cap S. aureus Newman mutants used for the absorption  ica+  cap  cap Serum dilution Percent S. aureus Newman killed Percent S. aureus PS80 killed Percent S. aureus Newman killed Percent S. aureus PS80 killed AB CD Serum dilution S. aureus Newman mutants used for absorption S. aureus MN8 mutants used for the absorption Supplemental Figure 4: OPKA after specific absorptions of the sera from the mice immunized with combinations of antigen injected together. Killing of S. aureus Newman (CP5) (A and C) or PS80 (CP8) (B and D) in antisera of mice immunized with dPNAG- TT+ CP5-TT (A), dPNAG-TT+CP8-TT (B), or dPNAG-TT+CP5-TT+CP8-TT (C-D), after absorption with S. aureus double mutants (  cap+  ica) to leave behind antibodies to both PNAG and CP or with individual  ica or  cap mutants to leave behind only antibodies to PNAG or to CP, respectively. Bars indicate average of 4 replicates per assay. Control: No complement in assay tube.

 ica+  cap  ica  cap S. aureus MN8 mutants used for the absorption  ica+  cap  ica  cap  ica+  cap  cap S. aureus Newman mutants used for the absorption  ica+  cap  cap Serum dilution Percent S. aureus Newman killed Percent S. aureus PS80 killed Percent S. aureus Newman killed Percent S. aureus PS80 killed AB C D Serum dilution Supplemental Figure 5: OPKA after absorption of antisera from the mice immunized with combinations of antigens injected into separate flanks. Killing of S. aureus Newman (CP5) (A and C) or PS80 (CP8) (B and D) in antisera from mice immunized with dPNAG-TT & CP5-TT (A);, dPNAG-TT & CP8-TT (B); or dPNAG-TT & CP5-TT+CP8-TT (C-D); injected separately after absorption with S. aureus double mutant (  cap+  ica) to leave behind antibodies to both PNAG and CP or with individual  ica or  cap mutants to leave behind only antibodies to PNAG or CP, respectively. Bars indicate average of 4 replicates per assay. Controls: No complement. S. aureus Newman mutants used for the absorption S. aureus MN8 mutants used for the absorption

Serum dilution Percent S. aureus PS80 killed Serum dilution Percent S. aureus Newman killed Anti-dPNAG-TT + absorbed NHS (  cap) Anti-dPNAG-TT + absorbed NHS (  ica) Anti-dPNAG-TT + Unabsorbed NHS Anti-dPNAG-TT + absorbed NHS (  cap) Anti-dPNAG-TT + absorbed NHS (  ica) Anti-dPNAG-TT + Unabsorbed NHS Supplemental Figure 6: Effect of addition of pooled normal human sera on OPK of rabbit antisera raised to dPNAG-TT: OPK of S. aureus Newman (A) or PS80 (B) mediated by rabbit antibody to dPNAG-TT and effect of the addition of pooled NHS, either unabsorbed or absorbed with S. aureus mutants to leave behind only antibodies to PNAG (S. aureus  ica) or antibodies to CP (S. aureus  cap). Bars indicate average of 4 replicates per assay. Controls lacking complement had a killing <1%. AB

Serum dilution Percent S. aureus Newman killed Rabbit anti-CP5-TT NHS Rabbit anti-CP5-TT +Unabsorbed NHS Rabbit anti-CP5-TT + NHS absorbed (  cap) Anti-CP5-TT + NHS Anti-CP5-TTNHS P<0.01 NS P<0.05 A B Supplemental Figure 7: Characteristics of a pool of NHS prepared from individual NHS. Pool prepared from sera with high levels of interference with the OPK of rabbit antibody to CP5-TT. A. OPKA against S. aureus Newman in rabbit antisera raised to CP5-TT, the selected NHS pool and a 1:10 dilution of the rabbit antisera added to indicated dilutions of the NHS, either unabsorbed or absorbed with S. aureus Dcap to remove the antibodies to PNAG. NRS=Normal rabbit serum, No C’=No complement, No PMN=No Polymorphonuclear leukocytes. B. Effect of the NHS pool on reduction in the cfu S. aureus/abscess mediated by rabbit antibody to CP5-TT. Antibody raised to CP5-TT without added NHS significantly reduced the cfu S. aureus/abscess compared with mice injected with antibody raised to CP5-TT into which NHS had been added or mice injected with NHS alone. Overall ANOVA P =0.006, pair-wise comparisons on figures. Challenge: S. aureus Newman (10 6 cfu).

Rabbit anti-CP8-TT Rabbit anti-CP8-TT + NHS adsorbed with E. coli. Rabbit anti-CP8-TT +NHS adsorbed with E. coli  pga Rabbit anti-CP5-TT Rabbit anti-CP5-TT + NHS adsorbed with E. coli. Rabbit anti-CP5-TT +NHS adsorbed with E. coli  pga A B Percent of S. aureus Newman killedPercent of S. aureus PS80 killed Supplemental Figure 8: Effect on the OPK activity mediated by anti-capsule antibodies of a pool of NHS with and without absorbtion of the anti-PNAG antibodies by E. coli, a non-S. aureus PNAG-producing bacteria. A. OPKA against S. aureus Newman in rabbit antisera raised to CP5-TT, a 1:10 dilution of the rabbit antisera added to indicated dilutions of the NHS, either absorbed with E. coli J to remove the antibodies to PNAG or E. coli J  pga to leave behind antibodies to PNAG. NHS=Normal Human Serum, No C’=No complement. B. OPKA against S. aureus PS80 in rabbit antisera raised to CP8-TT, a 1:10 dilution of the rabbit antisera added to indicated dilutions of the NHS, either absorbed with E. coli J to remove the antibodies to PNAG or E. coli J  pga to leave behind antibodies to PNAG. NHS=Normal Human Serum, No C’=No complement. Pool prepared from sera with high levels of interference with the OPK of rabbit antibodies to CP5-TT and CP8-TT.

AB NS P<0.05 Supplemental Figure 9 : Effect of pooled NHS on the CFU of S. aureus/ml of blood detected in mice passively administered rabbit antibodies to CP5-TT or CP8-TT. A: CFU S. aureus Newman/ml of blood in mice injected with rabbit antibodies to CP5-TT, CP5-TT plus NHS or NHS alone. Overall ANOVA, P<0.0001, Dunnett’s post-hoc test pair-wise comparisons shown on figure. Challenge: S. aureus Newman (2.0x10 7 cfu). B: CFU S. aureus PS80/ml of blood in mice injected with rabbit antibodies to CP8-TT, CP8-TT plus NHS or NHS alone. Overall ANOVA P<0.0001, Dunnett’s post-hoc test pair-wise comparisons shown on figure. Challenge: S. aureus PS80 (5.3x10 7 cfu). NS-not significant. NS P<0.05