Starter What are the three ways the white blood cells protect against disease? 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies?

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Presentation transcript:

Starter What are the three ways the white blood cells protect against disease? 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease?

Antigens Every cell has proteins on its surface known as antigens. The antigens on microorganisms that get into your body are different to those on your own cells. This means that your immune system recognises microorganisms as being foreign. 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease?

White Blood Cell 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease? An invading Pathogen Antigens ATTACK!!! One of Your Body Cells

Antibodies White blood cells make antibodies which join onto antigens and help to destroy the pathogens. 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease? It takes time for me to make the antibodies to destroy the pathogen. Whilst I work hard, the pathogen is releasing toxins to make you ill.

Antibodies The white blood cells remember the right antibody to tackle a specific pathogen, so they can get made again very quickly if you become re-infected. This is how you become immune. 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease? I have a great memory!

Task 1: Answer the following questions in full sentences 1.What is an antigen? 2.What is an antibody? 3.Why do you become ill the first time you encounter a pathogen? 4.Why do you not get ill the second time you encounter a pathogen? 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease?

What is vaccination? Also known as immunisation, the process involves injecting a patient with a vaccine, so that they gain immunity against a particular disease 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease?

What is a vaccine? A vaccine is usually a dead or weakened form of the disease causing micro-organism. 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease?

How does it work? 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease?

This is how vaccines protect you against dangerous infectious diseases

Task 2: Rewrite in the correct order, drawing a diagram for each one. (a) White blood cells have a type of memory. (b)Small amounts of dead or inactive pathogen are injected into the body. (c) If you encounter a live version of the pathogen, your white blood cells rapidly make antibodies to destroy it. (d) The antigens in the vaccine stimulate the white blood cell to make antibodies. (e) You are therefore immune. 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease?

Task 2: Answer (b)Small amounts of dead or inactive pathogen are injected into the body. (d) The antigens in the vaccine stimulate the white blood cell to make antibodies. (a) White blood cells have a type of memory. (c) If you encounter a live version of the pathogen, your white blood cells rapidly make antibodies to destroy it. (e) You are therefore immune. 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease?

Plenary Create a 3x3 bingo grid. Fill each square with one of these key words: Antigen, Antibody, White Blood Cell, Pathogen, Vaccine, Immunisation, Toxin, Bacteria, Virus 1. How does your immune system work? Immunity 3. What are antigens and antibodies? 2. How does vaccination protect you against disease?