Latin American Independence Movements

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Latin American Independence Movements

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Latin American Independence Movements Late 1700s, Enlightenment and revolutionary ideas spread into Latin America. Educated Latin Americans read works by Enlightenment writers. The Declaration of Independence and Constitution were eagerly read. The Success of the American Revolution and the success of the French Revolution showed that foreign rule could be thrown off.

Beginning in the 1790s, Latin Americans struggled to gain independence as well as other rights and freedoms. The Revolution Begins the French colony of Haiti was first Latin American colony to revolt. -Problems in Haiti: *Millions of African slaves. *French gave few rights to mulattoes (persons of mixed ancestry) Toussaint L’Ouverture proved to be an effective military leader and gained control of much of the island. (slaves won their freedom in 1798) -Haiti became a republic in 1820.

Simon Bolivar became an admirer of Enlightenment ideas and recent revolutions. He vowed to fight Spanish rule in South America and he became one of the greatest Latin American nationalist leaders in history Struggle for Independence *In 1810, Bolivar started long struggle against the Spanish. - Over next 12 years, he led series of military campaigns that won independence in: -Venezuela -Columbia - Ecuador - Peru - Bolivia He later joined forces with Jose de San Martin and later defeated the Spanish in Argentina and Chile.