สัปดาห์ที่ 4 การวางแผนระบบ สารสนเทศ (1)

หัวข้อ 1. ประโยชน์ของการวางแผนระบบ สารสนเทศ 2. การบริหารจัดการระบบสารสนเทศ 3. กระบวนการวางแผน 4.Visioning Phase

1. ประโยชน์ของการวางแผน ระบบสารสนเทศ Effective management of an expensive and critical asset of the organization Improving communication and the relationship between the business and IS organization Aligning the IS direction and priorities to the business direction and priorities

Business and IS Plan Alignment

Operational Excellence

Customer Intimacy

Product Leadership

1. ประโยชน์ของการวางแผน ระบบสารสนเทศ Identifying opportunities to use technology for a competitive advantage and increase the value to the business Planning the flow of information and processes

1. ประโยชน์ของการวางแผน ระบบสารสนเทศ Efficiently and effectively allocating IS resources Reducing the effort and money required throughout the life cycle of systems

IS Lifecycle (Typical)

IS Lifecycle (Improved)

2. การบริหารจัดการระบบ สารสนเทศ ผู้มีส่วนร่วมในกระบวนการวางแผนเชิงกล ยุทธ์สำหรับระบบสารสนเทศ ผู้บริหารระดับสูง คณะกรรมการดำเนินงานด้านระบบ สารสนเทศ CIO ฝ่ายระบบสารสนเทศขององค์กร ทีม implementation

ผู้บริหารระดับสูง To provide strategic business direction and priorities To provide input to and approve the IS strategic direction and plans To approve all large project efforts and provide the final authority in the allocation of resources To approve the IS budget To provide direction relative to high- level business issues that affect IS

คณะกรรมการดำเนินงานด้าน ระบบสารสนเทศ To provide recommendations and input to the IS strategic direction and plans To ensure the plans are in alignment with the business plans and direction To communicate business issues and plans influencing IS activities or direction in Technology

คณะกรรมการดำเนินงานด้าน ระบบสารสนเทศ To provide input and assist in developing the vision for the deployment of technology to meet the business requirements of the future To prioritize all projects efforts and review project plans. To provide communication to other members within the organization regarding IS activities To sponsor and initiate business process reengineering projects

CIO Have technical knowledge Understand business goals Establish IS vision to utilize technology to support the business Influence the organization to change Have strong relationships with the executive

ฝ่ายระบบสารสนเทศขององค์กร Deliver projects within the costs and dates budgeted Deliver projects that meet the functionality requirements Receive business directions from business units Determine potential IS goals, objectives, and technology-enabled business opportunities

ทีม implementation Implement the new system Do the business process reengineering Establish parameters and procedures on how the company will use the system Test the system Train the users

3. กระบวนการวางแผน

Identification of where you are today (internal & external) Where are we now? What is possible? What are the best practices?

3. กระบวนการวางแผน Identification of where you want to be in the future Where do we want to be? Identification of the IS gap between where you are and where you want to be in the future Identification of how to get to where you want to be in the future

3. กระบวนการวางแผน Identification of where you want to be in the future Where do we want to be? Identification of the IS gap between where you are and where you want to be in the future Identification of how to get to where you want to be in the future

3. กระบวนการวางแผน Identification of where you want to be in the future Where do we want to be? Identification of the IS gap between where you are and where you want to be in the future Identification of how to get to where you want to be in the future

ขั้นตอนของการวางแผน 1.Visioning 2.Analysis 3.Direction 4.Recommendation

ขั้นตอนของการวางแผน

Visio ning

Anal ysis

Direc tion

Recomme ndation

รายละเอียดของแผน

4. Visioning Phase 4.1 Initiate and manage the project 4.2 Understand the business situation and vision 4.3 Document and confirm the business analysis

4.1 Initiate and manage the project Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Identify resources, roles, and responsibilities; Interview participants Confirm deliverables and work plan Draft deliverable templates

4.1Initiate and manage the project Announce the project; Conduct project orientation Establish ongoing project governance, communications, and status report Review and confirm project plan

4.1 Initiate and manage the project Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Identify resources, roles, and responsibilities; Interview participants Confirm deliverables and work plan Draft deliverable templates Announce the project; Conduct project orientation

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Objectives Review the current business situation, business needs, business process improvements, and future business direction Analyze the business situation and identify how the business affects the IS situation and direction as well as how IS affects the business

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Objectives Review the current IS situation, including business applications, information repositories, technical infrastructure, organization, and processes Assess the current IS environment relative to business needs, including its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (relevant to O & T faced by the business)

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Objectives Compare the IS situation relative to the industry as a whole Identify short-term recommendations that can be implemented immediately Determine the high-level IS direction, including the vision, mission, key objectives, and strategies

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Objectives Develop the specific direction for the business applications portfolio and business process improvements Identify the required infrastructure necessary to support the business

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Objectives Identify the IS organizational impact and staff requirements Determine the IS processes requiring improvement Formulate the implementation plan, including specific projects, priorities, and the roadmap

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Objectives Identify an estimate of costs and business benefits Develop the communication plan, business liaisons, and governance necessary to implement planning as an ongoing process

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Scope What geographic locations are included and excluded? What product lines or divisions are included and excluded? What functional departments are included and excluded? Will the scope include business process reengineering? Will the scope include interfaces to external entities?

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Scope 1.Information or a business process that is highly critical to the operation of the company 2.Information or a business process that is used, is accessed by, or involves more than one functional business department

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Scope 3. Information that interfaces to any entity outside the company, whether a customer, supplier, representative, regulatory agency, or other related entity 4. Manual processes critical to the company that would benefit from IS automation

Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Scope Time frame of the planning (3 years)

4.1 Initiate and manage the project Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Identify resources, roles, and responsibilities; Interview participants Confirm deliverables and work plan Draft deliverable templates Announce the project; Conduct project orientation

Interview participants (25 total interviews) The entire executive management team The level of management immediately below the executives A few key individuals in the business organization The members of the IS steering committee The IS management team A few key individuals within the IS organization

4.1 Initiate and manage the project Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Identify resources, roles, and responsibilities; Interview participants Confirm deliverables and work plan Draft deliverable templates Announce the project; Conduct project orientation Review the deliverable with the list of initial questions Identified in the purpose of the plan

4.1 Initiate and manage the project Finalize objectives, goals, and scope Identify resources, roles, and responsibilities; Interview participants Confirm deliverables and work plan Draft deliverable templates Announce the project; Conduct project orientation

Draft deliverable templates A document for detailed interview notes A document for the detailed IS strategic plan. –Appendix: purpose, scope, planning process A document for the executive management presentation

4.1 Initiate and manage the project Announce the project; Conduct project orientation Establish ongoing project governance, communications, and status report Review and confirm project plan (milestone) Send out s organize an orientation session (give an outline of the project, and each individual’s responsibilities)

4.1 Initiate and manage the project Announce the project; Conduct project orientation Establish ongoing project governance, communications, and status report Review and confirm project plan (milestone) Communicate the progress of the planning (weekly or biweekly)

4.1 Initiate and manage the project Announce the project; Conduct project orientation Establish ongoing project governance, communications, and status report Review and confirm project plan Obtain feedback and modify deliverables as necessary

4.2 Understand the business situation and vision Review business documentation Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Schedule business interviews and workshops

4.2 Understand the business situation and vision Conduct business interviews, workshops, and surveys Document business interviews, workshops, and surveys Review and confirm business input

4.2 Understand the business situation and vision Review business documentation Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Schedule business interviews and workshops

Review business documentation Business plan, planning material, departmental plans Brochures, sales and marketing literature, product brochures Organization chart Annual reports Monthly and annual status reports

Review business documentation Quarterly financial updates, investor information Budgets and budget planning presentations All employee communications Mission, vision, and values

Review business documentation Business objectives Business key projects Internet site News releases and announcements All employee survey results Customer survey results

4.2 Understand the business situation and vision Review business documentation Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Schedule business interviews and workshops

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Structure the business discussions in three areas: –Learning about the interviewee’s responsibilities and department –Understanding the interviewee’s thoughts on the business as a whole –Understanding the interviewee’s perspective on IS

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Learning about the interviewee’s responsibilities and department What is your title, department, role, and area of responsibility? What are the key functions or processes in your department? What are your departmental objectives for this year? What are the strengths and weaknesses of your department?

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Learning about the interviewee’s responsibilities and department What critical challenges do you face? What are your current areas of trouble? What are some process improvements you would like to make? What are your key information needs?

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Understanding the interviewee’s thoughts on the business as a whole What is your understanding of the direction of the company as a whole? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the company? What are the opportunities and threats facing the company?

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Understanding the interviewee’s thoughts on the business as a whole What are some key trends and changes that are happening in the industry? If you owned the company, what are some things you would change?

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Understanding the interviewee’s perspective on IS What services/systems do you or your department use? How well is IS today meeting your needs? What is IS doing right now that you would like them to continue doing? What could IS be doing better?

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Understanding the interviewee’s perspective on IS Are you receiving communications from IS on what they are doing? Are there specific projects or requests that you have of IS in the next 1-3 years? Do you feel that IS is aligned well with the business? Do you feel that IS provides a strategic advantage for the company?

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Surveys Use survey software Specify a deadline, whom to contact for questions Inform the time taken to complete the survey and how to obtain results

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Surveys Distribute to all employees Encourage involvement Make sure that the questions are easily understandable Keep the survey as short as possible

Develop business interview questions, surveys, and workshop structure Surveys Obtain input on the survey questions and format from the IS management team Test the survey, link, and reporting Think about how to analyze the data (by division, by location) Report survey results and actions planned

4.2 Understand the business situation and vision Conduct business interviews, workshops, and surveys Document business interviews, workshops, and surveys Review and confirm business input

Conduct business interviews, workshops, and surveys Emphasize importance of having a good understanding of the business direction How long the interview will last (1.30 hrs) Ask permission to record the discussion Conduct the discussions in a flexible and casual manner Listen closely and follow up with clarifying questions

Conduct business interviews, workshops, and surveys Use the established questions as a guide, but probe into other areas as necessary Do not get defensive Cross-check information Ask whether there are other important individuals to meet

4.2 Understand the business situation and vision Conduct business interviews, workshops, and surveys Document business interviews, workshops, and surveys Review and confirm business input Distribute the notes to individuals for their review and corrections

4.2 Understand the business situation and vision Conduct business interviews, workshops, and surveys Document business interviews, workshops, and surveys Review and confirm business input Provide summary status information Identify how many individuals were interviewed and identify those individuals Obtain feedback

4.3 Document and confirm the business analysis Document current business description, vision, values, goals, strategies, direction, operating vision, business projects, and initiatives Document industry business trends, business, and customer requirements Business requirements

4.3 Document and confirm the business analysis Document business strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats Document business impact on IS Review and confirm business situation understanding

4.3 Document and confirm the business analysis Document current business description, vision, values, goals, strategies, direction, operating vision, business projects, and initiatives Document industry business trends, business, and customer requirements Business requirements

Document current business information Business Situation History (who, when, grown business areas) Description (divisions; products, services, and sales by division; size, locations, headquarters, etc.) Financial summary (revenue) Customers (number, who they are, key customers, sales channels, location)

Document current business information Business Situation Vendors (number, who they are) Industry information and competition (business characteristics [seasonal], competition type, main competitors, industry trends) Departmental specific areas of importance

Document current business information Business Direction Mission Vision Values Goals, objectives Strategies and business priorities

Document current business information Business Direction Financial targets Growth objectives (how [acquisition], geography, products, customer base, growth constraints [capacity])

4.3 Document and confirm the business analysis Document current business description, vision, values, goals, strategies, direction, operating vision, business projects, and initiatives Document industry business trends, business, and customer requirements Business requirements

Document industry business trends, business, and customer requirements Environmental Business Requirements External Business Requirements –Customer & Supplier Value Chain Analysis Business Measures Business Processes

Environ mental Business Require ments

Custome r Require ments

Supplier Require ments

Value Chain Analysis What are the various steps in the value chain? What are the weak links in the value chain? Can any of the steps be eliminated, simplified, or made more efficient?

Value Chain Analysis What technology or information, if shared throughout the value chain, would improve or significantly change the process? What best practices would improve the value chain?

Business Measures Key information needs Financial –Sales (domestic, export) –Net income –Profit –Expenses

Business Measures Human resources –Employee information –Number of employees –Turnover rate –Healthcare costs –Benefit information

Business Measures Manufacturing –Fixed costs –Rework (percentage, hours) –Inventory –Capacity levels

Business Processes Identify macro business processes Identify micro business processes Review the efficiency of business processes

Macro & Micro Business Processes Customer interaction –Sales –Order Management –Distribution –Credit and collections –Post-sales support

Macro & Micro Business Processes Product development and manufacturing –Design –Development –Procurement –Manufacturing

Macro & Micro Business Processes Finance and administrative support –Finance –Human resources

Business Processes

4.3 Document and confirm the business analysis Document business strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats Document business impact on IS Review and confirm business situation understanding

4.3 Document and confirm the business analysis Document business strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats Document business impact on IS Review and confirm business situation understanding

Document business impact on IS

4.3 Document and confirm the business analysis Review and confirm business situation understanding Meet with executive management Obtain confirmation on the information Highlight conflicting information and come out of the meeting with consensus Present the information to IS steering committee

สรุป 1. ประโยชน์ของการวางแผนระบบ สารสนเทศ 2. การบริหารจัดการระบบสารสนเทศ 3. กระบวนการวางแผน 4.Visioning Phase