Computer Architecture Lecture 7 by Engineer A. Lecturer Aymen Hasan AlAwady 8/12/2013 University of Kufa - Informatics Center for Research and Rehabilitation 1

1. Addressing decoding and memory addresses Review Example: Analyze the possible logic levels of the memory chip (2732 EPROM).

1. Addressing decoding and memory addresses We have 16 address lines. A12 – A15 must be 000 to assert chip enable. A0 – A11 can assume any combination from all 0s to all 1s. (we have 4096 registers, so we need 12 address) A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.For registers selection, we have 4096 register, so we need 12 address lines (212 ) from 0000 H to 0FFF H. 2. For chip select we need 0H to 0H, since the output line on O0. 0000 H 0 F F F 0FFF H Chip Enable Register Select

Reading signal

Homework: Analyze the possible logic levels of the memory chip 6116 Memory and draw the address decoding and writing from memory through the interfacing with 8085 MPU

2. Case study: Interfacing the 8155 The 8155 is a special chip designed by Intel to work with the 8085 to demonstrate the interfacing of the 8085 MPU. The 8155 has 256 bytes of RAM, 2 programmable I/O ports and a timer. It is usually used in systems designed for use in university labs. We will now concentrate on the memory part of the 8155. Modified Lecture by Dr. Bassel Soudan

2. 1 Interfacing the 8155 memory section The 8155 contains all the circuitry needed to interface to the 8085 directly. It has 8 lines that match the AD0-AD7 of the 8085 and one CE (chip enable). It has 5 control lines that match the control and status lines of the 8085. The address/data lines are demultiplexed internally inside the 8155 and the control signals needed for the memory are also generated internally. All that is needed to interface the 8155 to the 8085 is logic to control the 8155 to determine the starting address of the memory segment. Modified Lecture by Dr. Bassel Soudan

2. 1 Interfacing the 8155 memory section It is possible in a small computer system to use multiple addresses for the same memory location. In that case, memory is small and limited, so it doesn’t make sense to use all of the address lines to specify each of the locations. Some of the address lines are left unconnected. That results in don’t care address lines. The result will be that the same set of memory registers is used when the user enters the different addresses. This process is called memory fold back. i.e. the new address range is folded back over the old address. Again, this allows the use of a much simpler decoding circuit for the address lines. Modified Lecture by Dr. Bassel Soudan

2.2 Memory interfacing in 8155 A15

2.2 Memory interfacing in 8155 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 A8, A9 and A10 are don care lines, means they could be 0s or 1s (don’t care). When they are all 0s the starting range will be 2000 H – 20FF H and when only A8 be 1 the address will be 2100 H – 21FF H and when all of they be 1s, the address will be 2700 H – 27FF H. All of the above addresses are pointed at the same memory registers (memory fold back). 2100 H 21FF H Chip Enable Don’t care Register Select

3. Testing Memory Interfacing Circuits Testing a memory chip in an existing system is as easy as loading a byte at a specific address and then verifying that it was loaded. A few more addresses should also be checked. In case of fold back memory, one should test the different address ranges for the don’t care address lines. In fact, in 8155 the memory fold back space is in range (2100 H – 27FF H) which is cant be used. Modified Lecture by Dr. Bassel Soudan

End of lecture 7