Research and Development in the Federal Budget Matt Hourihan April 26, 2013 for the House R&D Caucus AAAS R&D Budget and Policy Program

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT

Defense: -5.5% Nondefense: +9.2%

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT

Admin R&D Priorities Innovation / Science Clear shifts from D to R, and from Defense to Nondefense COMPETES Agencies: $12.6 billion (+18% from 2012) Advanced manufacturing Permanent R&D Tax Credit A Low-Carbon Economy Though not nuclear Homeland Security (NBAF) Basic research budget flat when adjusted for inflation… But growing when adjusted for sequestration

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT Defense R&D: Recent Decline DOD: $69.5b (-7%) Boost for basic, everything else cut Cuts across all military departments and agencies; DARPA flat DOE Atomic Weapons Continued strong growth Homeland Security: National Bio and Agro- defense Facility gets funded

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT General Science: Growth Area NSF: $6.3B for R&D (+9%) 10-year Trend: +21.9% Broad investment, especially Engineering, BIO, SBE Key focus on broad innovation programs Smart systems, materials, cyberinfrastucture, I-Corps STEM hub

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT

General Science: Growth Area (Cont) DOE Science: $4.6B for R&D (+6%) 10-year trend: 18.1% Growth everywhere but High Energy Physics Continued (but restrained) investment in ITER Exascale?

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT

NIH: Continued Stagnation 10-year trend: -10% Only notable boosts: NCATS, National Institute for Aging, NLM BRAIN Initiative ($40 million) Details forthcoming Big data ($41 million) Success rate? Also: DOD Health cut, again

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT Energy R&D: Major growth Area DOE Energy Programs: $3.1 billion (+16%) Driven by EERE, ARPA-E And in spite of fossil energy cuts Double 2004 levels But nuclear energy, once a driver, is cut this year Proposed: Energy Security Trust

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT NASA: Mixed signals? Science cut, few notable boosts Except Webb Planetary science continued target for cuts Aeronautics remains flat Asteroid vs. Moon? Commercial crew increases? What about exploration? Orion, SLS cut

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT Agriculture R&D: Turnaround? USDA: $2.5B for R&D (+8.2%) 10-year trend: -8.8% Boosts for intramural and extramural alike Agriculture and Food Research Initiative: $383m And this leaves out Biomass R&D

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT Environment R&D: Mixed news EPA cut 10 year trend: -32.0% USGS continues modest growth… 10 year trend: +10.5% And NOAA arrests recent slide? 10 year trend: -5.2% Global Change Research Program

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT What it all adds up to… A shift towards nondefense research, but particularly of the use-inspired variety Without abandoning basic research Some longer-term trends will continue See: DOD, NSF, DOE, NIH, EPA, NASA Also see: general budget mix The BIG question: How does one fit a $1057 billion budget into a $966 billion hole?

U.S. R&D INVESTMENT

For more info… S&T Policy Forum May 2-3 Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center