Bell Ringer Why might someone believe that farming was a more noble career than trade or manufacturing?

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Presentation transcript:

Bell Ringer Why might someone believe that farming was a more noble career than trade or manufacturing?

TOKUGAWA JAPAN 9-3

The Three Great Unifiers End of the15th Century: Japan is in Chaos. Centralized power of the Shogunate failed. Daimyo: Head of nobles families, controlled their own lands and warred their neighbors. The process of unification began in the late 16th century with three powerful political figures. Oda Nobunaga Toyotomi Hideyoshi Tokugaw Leyasu

Europeans in Japan Portuguese traders began to participate in regional trade between Japan, China, and Southeast Asia. Japanese fascinated by tobacco, clocks, eyeglasses and other European goods. Daimyo interested in buying all types of European weapons. Why would they be interested in buying European Weapons?

Jesuit Missionaries in Japan The Jesuits converted thousands of Japanese by the end of the 16th Century. The Jesuit practice of destroying shrines caused a severe reaction. In 1587, Hideyoshi issued an edict prohibiting Christian activities Japan. Under Tokugawa leyasu all missionaries were expelled and Japanese Christians persecuted.

Tokugawa Rule Tokugawa rulers tried to control Japan’s fuedal system. The state was divided into 250 territories called hans, or domains. Each ruled by a daimyo.

The Hostage System How the shogunate controlled the daimyo. Daimyo had to maintain two residences. 1. Their own lands 2. Lands in Edo, where the shogun lived. During the great peace, samurai who served the daimyo managed their lands.

Economic and Social Changes A major economic change occurred under the Tokugawa. Trade and manufacturing flourished in Edo, Kyoto, and Osaka. By 1750, Edo was one of the world’s largest cities with a population of almost one million. A merchant class emerged, along with a banking and paper money system.

Economic Effects on Peasants Most peasants experienced declining profits and rising costs. Many became tenant farmers or worked as hired help. Almost 7,000 peasant revolts and demonstration occurred due to high taxes in the Tokugawa era.

The Class System The class system became rigid. Rulers established strict distinctions among the four main classes. Warrior Peasants Artisans Merchants Intermarriage was forbidden

Tokugawa Social Hierarchy Emperor and Court Warrior Class including the shogun, daimyo, samurai, and ronin (in order of importance) Farmers Merchants considered lowest class because the profited form the labor of others. Eta, Japans outcasts.

The Role of Women Women became more restricted in samurai class, where Confucian values were regarded highly. The wife moved in with the husbands family. If she did not meet the families expectation, the husband divorced her. Both sexes worked in the field.

Tokugawa Culture New of cultural values began to appear. Literature: Written by and for the townspeople. Much of this period’s literature was lighthearted entertainment. Matsuo Basho: the greatest of all Japanese poets

A new world of urban entertainment. Emphasized action, music, and dramatic gestures. Plays dealt with the world of urban teahouses and dance halls.

Assignment Complete Chapter 9 Assessment: 1-17, 21-22 Answer’s only!!!!

Instructions for Halloween Everyone is to bring in a Ghost Story. Preferably an “Alabama Ghost Story.” 2 paragraph research on the history of Halloween or “Trick or treating.” You may bring candy if you do this to explain how candy become significant to Halloween.