Colony of Georgia Standards SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. a. Examine and defend the importance of James Oglethorpe, the Charter of 1732, reasons for settlement (charity, economics, and defense), Tomochichi, Mary Musgrove, and the city of Savannah. b. Evaluate the Trustee Period of Georgia’s colonial history, emphasizing the role of the Salzburgers, Highland Scots, malcontents, and the Spanish threat from Florida. c. Explain the development of Georgia as a royal colony with regard to land ownership, slavery, government, and the impact of the royal governors. d. Compare the Trustee and Royal periods of Colonial Georgia with regards to land ownership, slavery and government.

The Colony of Georgia SS8H2 - The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. a. Examine and defend the importance of James Oglethorpe, the Charter of 1732, reasons for settlement (charity, economics, and defense), Tomochichi, Mary Musgrove, and the city of Savannah.

I.James Oglethorpe ( ) A. Member of British Parliament – helped reform British prisons 1. Friend Robert Castell – placed in debtors’ prison and died of smallpox 2. Considered creating a colony for those in debtors’ prison and the worthy poor (Important: no debtors were ever released from prison to go to Georgia)

Friday, September 26 th  Complete in your Discovery Questions section: If you were struggling to find work and provide for your family in England in 1732, would you apply to go to Georgia for a new start? Explain your decision thoroughly including deciding factors and ramifications of your decision.

B. Role in founding of the colony of Georgia 1. Lobbied British government and was granted a charter to found Georgia with 20 other trustees. 2. Only trustee to travel to the colony. 3. Became military and de facto civilian leader 4. Befriended Tomochichi and Mary Musgrove

B. Role in founding of the colony of Georgia 1. Lobbied British government and was granted a charter to found Georgia with 20 other trustees. 2. Only trustee to travel to the colony. 3. Became military and de facto civilian leader 4. Befriended Tomochichi and Mary Musgrove 5. Eventually allowed Jewish, Scottish, and German immigrants to settle 6. Established Savannah and Fort Frederica 7. Fought the Spanish three times 8. Left the colony in 1743 – lived long enough to see Georgia become part of the United States

II. Charter of 1732 A.Reasons for settlement 1. Charity – planned to give the worthy poor a new start (Yeoman farmers: subsistence farmers who owned a small amount of land) a.) Provided 50 acres of land, one year’s supply of food, free seed, and agricultural supplies for a year. b.) Provided 500 acres of land if a person paid for their own passage to the colony.

2. Economics a.) Mercantilism – England wanted Georgia to produce items that could not be produced in England: rice, indigo, wine, and silk b.) Colonists were required to grow mulberry trees for silkworms c.) Results i.Wine industry never developed ii.Other products had limited success until rice, indigo, and tobacco became successful crops during the Royal Colony period

3.Defense – primary purpose: Military buffer between South Carolina and Spanish Florida a.) South Carolina was profitable but constantly under threat of Spanish attack from Florida b.) constructed forts c.) brought the Highland Scots to help defend the colony of Georgia d.) Battle of Bloody Marsh – successfully repelled the Spanish attack, and the threat to Georgia and South Carolina was eliminated

3.Defense – primary purpose: Military buffer between South Carolina and Spanish Florida a.) South Carolina was profitable but constantly under threat of Spanish attack from Florida b.) constructed forts c.) brought the Highland Scots to help defend the colony of Georgia d.) Battle of Bloody Marsh – successfully repelled the Spanish attack, and the threat to Georgia and South Carolina was eliminated

Monday, September 29 th Grab a new note sheet from the front table and fill in the blanks in the standard from the whiteboard next to the candidates. Take out your light green note sheet. Sorry it doesn’t match the bright green sheet.

B. Rules of the Charter 1. Rules for the Trustees a.) Could not own land b.) Could not hold political office c.) Could not earn money for their work

2. Rules for the colonists a.) Defend the colony b.) grow mulberry trees for silkworms c.) could not sell their land or pass it to a female heir d.) must obey the rules and regulations of the trustees

3. Certain groups were not allowed to settle in Georgia a.) Liquor dealers – trustees feared the settlers wouldn’t work if liquor was allowed. b.) Blacks – equated with slavery during this time period, so slavery was not allowed. c.) Catholics (AKA Papists)– not allowed because of the division between the Church of England and the Roman Catholic Church d.) Lawyers – trustees wanted the colonists to settle their differences out of court

III. Tomochichi A. Chief of the Yamacraw Tribe (approximately 200 people) B. Believed that the English were better military allies and trading partners than the Spanish

III. Tomochichi A. Chief of the Yamacraw Tribe (approximately 200 people) B. Believed that the English were better military allies and trading partners than the Spanish C. Allowed Oglethorpe to settle on Yamacraw Bluff D. Through the translation of Mary Musgrove, Tomochichi advised Oglethorpe on matters of Indian affairs and relations with the Spanish E. Traveled to England with Oglethorpe F. Established English-speaking schools for the indigenous people near the Georgia colony G. Died in his 90s and buried with full English military honors

IV.Mary Musgrove – Coosaponakeesa A.Born of a Creek mother and English father, so she understood both cultures and spoke both languages B. Married John Musgrove and started a trading post near the Savannah River C. Served as translator for Oglethorpe and Tomochichi ( ) Mary Musgrove Matthews Bosomworth

Languages Native American: CherokeeCherokee English to non-English speakers

V. City of Savannah A. Georgia’s first city and first capital ( ) B. Founded upriver from the Atlantic Ocean on Yamacraw Bluff C. Flourished without Indian warfare due to peaceful relations with the Yamacraw D. One of North America’s first planned cities. Grid pattern design with 24 public squares (22 are still in existence today)

Trustee Georgia Standard! SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. b. Evaluate the Trustee Period of Georgia’s colonial history, emphasizing the role of the Salzburgers, Highland Scots, malcontents, and the Spanish threat from Florida.

I. Salzburgers A.German-speaking protestant refugees from present-day Austria. B.Expelled from their province by a Catholic monarch. C.King George II, who also was a German Protestant, allowed them to settle in Georgia. D.The Salzburgers were led by Johann Martin Boltzius

E. The Salzburgers established Ebenezer 1. located in a swampy area with bad water – 30 people died of dysentery 2. did not have a clear waterway to the Savannah River

F.Moved to a better location on the bluffs of the Savannah River and established New Ebenezer 1. Became the only group to have large scale success with silk production. 2. Built a water-powered grist mill and an orphanage. 3. Settlement eventually destroyed in the American Revolution. G. The Salzburgers were against slavery and remained loyal to the trustees.

II. Highland Scots or Scottish Highlanders A. Oglethorpe brought the Highland Scots to Georgia because of their reputation as the best soldiers in the world. (Remember that Georgia was established as a military buffer?) B. Given land near abandoned Fort King George and named their settlement Darien. (Supported the ban on slavery) C. Fought in the Battle of Bloody Marsh - pushed the Spanish back into Florida and ended the Spanish threat.

III. Malcontents A. The term used to describe the colonists who were unhappy with the trustees’ regulations B. Most of them had paid their own way to Georgia and were not reliant on the trustees for help. Led by Patrick Talifer

III. Malcontents A. The term used to describe the colonists who were unhappy with the trustees’ regulations B. Most of them had paid their own way to Georgia and were not reliant on the trustees for help. C. Their main complaints were: 1.Limits on land ownership 2.Ban on rum/alcohol 3.Ban on slavery – the biggest complaint D. After 10 years of malcontents’ complaints, the trustees allowed slavery and changed land ownership rules in 1751.

IV. Spanish threat from Florida A. Part of the War of Jenkins’ Ear ( ) – Spain v. England 1. Oglethorpe tried and failed to capture St. Augustine 2. The Spanish attacked St. Simons Island and were defeated by the Oglethorpe’s forces (colonists, Highland Scots, and Indian allies) B. The Spanish eventually retreated to Florida and were no longer a serious threat to Georgia.

Carefully tear a piece of paper in half and share it with your partner. Create a Venn Diagram answering the following question: What were the differences and similarities between the Salzburgers and the Highland Scots?

Languages Native American: CherokeeCherokee English to non-English speakers

In the news Yik Yak bomb threat Hong Kong protests Student News