Early Japan and Feudalism Mrs. Hart and Mrs. Bernier

Geography of Japan Japan is an archipelago. There are four main islands and more than 3000 smaller islands. These islands are part of the Ring of Fire.

Effects of Geography Because the islands are mountainous, most of the population has always lived in narrow valleys or along the coast. The sea was a source of food as well as transportation, but also isolated Japan from other cultures. Because the natural environment was very unsettled in this region, people developed a deep respect for the forces of nature.

Japanese Religion: Shintoism The Japanese traditional religion is Shintoism. It’s characterized by the worship of the kami, or spirits found in all living things. Shinto shrines can be found in places of unusual natural beauty.

Cultural Diffusion form Korea and China Japanese culture is a blend of its own traditions and ideas from nearby China and Korea. These ideas included: Chinese writing, Buddhism, Confucianism, and and influences on customs and art.

Imperial Tradition Japanese society was organized into clans with separate rulers and religious customs. The first royal family of Japan was the Yamato clan.

Heian Period The Heian period was a time period in Japan which lasted from the 700s-1100s. The Japanese court was sophisticated, and the emperor was seen as a god. Elaborated rules of etiquette governed court ceremonies.

Feudalism in Japan Feudalism developed in China after central authority in Japan declined. Local lords fought one another, and a feudal system developed. As in Europe, a distinct social hierarchy developed. Emperor Shogun Daimyo Samurai Peasants and Artisans Merchants

Tokugawa Shogunate The Tokugawa Shogunate came into power in 1603 and brought peace and stability to Japan. They ruled for almost 300 years. During this time, Japan prospered economically, with trade prospering in the cities. In 1638, the shoguns adopted a period of strict isolation, and Japanese were prohibited from traveling outside the country.

Cultural Advances of the Tokugawa Shogunate Under the Tokugawa, Japanese culture advanced as well. Achievements included kabuki theater, the development of the haiku, and influences of Zen Buddhism.

Feudalism Compared between Japan and Europe Emperors and kings had no real power. Distinct social classes developed. Power and wealth were concentrated in the hands of an elite land-holding class. Knights and samurai warriors defended the land. Code of chivalry was similar to bushido.