Space Boot Camp – Part 2 4.8C: Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time. (Supporting Standard) MS ?’s Start # 52

33. Why are the sun’s rays more direct in the northern hemisphere in the summer? A The Earth is closer to the sun in the summer. B The North Pole is tilted toward the sun. C The South Pole is tilted toward the sun. D The Earth rotates more slowly in the summer.

33. Why are the sun’s rays more direct in the northern hemisphere in the summer? A The Earth is closer to the sun in the summer. B The North Pole is tilted toward the sun. C The South Pole is tilted toward the sun. D The Earth rotates more slowly in the summer.

34. The gravitational pull of the moon causes the daily rising and falling of the ocean waters that we call— A A tropical depression B A tsunami C Salinity D Tides

34. The gravitational pull of the moon causes the daily rising and falling of the ocean waters that we call— A A tropical depression B A tsunami C Salinity D Tides

35. Which sentence below explains why we see the phases of the Moon. A 35. Which sentence below explains why we see the phases of the Moon? A The moon is a large planet. B The moon revolves around the Earth. C The moon is covered with many craters. D The moon revolves around the Sun.

35. Which sentence below explains why we see the phases of the Moon. A 35. Which sentence below explains why we see the phases of the Moon? A The moon is a large planet. B The moon revolves around the Earth. C The moon is covered with many craters. D The moon revolves around the Sun.

36. Why does the moon have more effect on the tides on Earth than the sun has? A The moon is more dense than the sun. B The moon is in motion in space, while the sun is not. C The moon is larger than the sun. D The moon is nearer to the Earth than the sun.

36. Why does the moon have more effect on the tides on Earth than the sun has? A The moon is more dense than the sun. B The moon is in motion in space, while the sun is not. C The moon is larger than the sun. D The moon is nearer to the Earth than the sun.

The amount of direct sunlight the Northern Hemisphere receives changes throughout the year. The diagram below shows Earth revolving around the Sun.   37. In which month will the Northern Hemisphere receive the GREATEST amount of direct sunlight? A March B June C September D December

The amount of direct sunlight the Northern Hemisphere receives changes throughout the year. The diagram below shows Earth revolving around the Sun.   37. In which month will the Northern Hemisphere receive the GREATEST amount of direct sunlight? A March B June C September D December

38. A student takes a trip to Central America during the winter holidays. He finds out that the temperature in Central America is about the same year round. Which of the following could explain why? A Central America is near the North Pole. B Central America is near the South Pole. C Central America is near the equator. D Central America is near sea level.

38. A student takes a trip to Central America during the winter holidays. He finds out that the temperature in Central America is about the same year round. Which of the following could explain why? A Central America is near the North Pole. B Central America is near the South Pole. C Central America is near the equator. D Central America is near sea level.

39. What phase of the moon will come next in the sequence shown above 39. What phase of the moon will come next in the sequence shown above? A New Moon B Full Moon C Waxing Gibbous D Waning Gibbous

39. What phase of the moon will come next in the sequence shown above 39. What phase of the moon will come next in the sequence shown above? A New Moon B Full Moon C Waxing Gibbous D Waning Gibbous

40. Why is a new moon difficult to see in the night sky. A 40. Why is a new moon difficult to see in the night sky? A It is invisible. B It is hidden behind Mercury. C It is in the Earth’s shadow. D The side of the moon that is not lighted by the Sun faces the Earth

40. Why is a new moon difficult to see in the night sky. A 40. Why is a new moon difficult to see in the night sky? A It is invisible. B It is hidden behind Mercury. C It is in the Earth’s shadow. D The side of the moon that is not lighted by the Sun faces the Earth

41. Which picture shows a first quarter moon? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

41. Which picture shows a first quarter moon? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

  42. The motion of the ocean caused by the pull of gravity from the moon is called— A currents B surf C tides D waves

  42. The motion of the ocean caused by the pull of gravity from the moon is called— A currents B surf C tides D waves

43. When it is summer in the United States, it is winter in Brazil 43. When it is summer in the United States, it is winter in Brazil. What causes the Northern and Southern hemispheres of the Earth to experience seasons at different times? A The Earth tilts on its axis. B There is more sunlight at the equator. C There are more winds north of the equator. D It takes the Earth about 365 days to orbit the sun.

43. When it is summer in the United States, it is winter in Brazil 43. When it is summer in the United States, it is winter in Brazil. What causes the Northern and Southern hemispheres of the Earth to experience seasons at different times? A The Earth tilts on its axis. B There is more sunlight at the equator. C There are more winds north of the equator. D It takes the Earth about 365 days to orbit the sun.

44. The lunar cycle is completed in about a month because – A 44. The lunar cycle is completed in about a month because – A the moon rotates once on its axis in a month B Earth revolves once around the sun in a month C the sun makes one full orbit in a month D the moon revolves once around the Earth

44. The lunar cycle is completed in about a month because – A 44. The lunar cycle is completed in about a month because – A the moon rotates once on its axis in a month B Earth revolves once around the sun in a month C the sun makes one full orbit in a month D the moon revolves once around the Earth

45. In what direction does the Earth always tilt. A 45. In what direction does the Earth always tilt? A Towards the North Pole B Towards the South Pole C Towards the North Star D Towards the South Star

45. In what direction does the Earth always tilt. A 45. In what direction does the Earth always tilt? A Towards the North Pole B Towards the South Pole C Towards the North Star D Towards the South Star

46. If it is summer in the southern hemisphere, what season is it in the Northern Hemisphere? A Summer B Autumn C Winter D Spring

46. If it is summer in the southern hemisphere, what season is it in the Northern Hemisphere? A Summer B Autumn C Winter D Spring

47. Scientists might look for patterns in all of the following EXCEPT— A high and low tides B the life cycle of a beetle C the weather on a single day D the phases of the moon

47. Scientists might look for patterns in all of the following EXCEPT— A high and low tides B the life cycle of a beetle C the weather on a single day D the phases of the moon

48. As the moon revolves around the Earth, different phases are visible. The pattern of phases is called— A the stages of the moon B the lunar cycle C the life cycle of the moon D the changes to the moon

48. As the moon revolves around the Earth, different phases are visible. The pattern of phases is called— A the stages of the moon B the lunar cycle C the life cycle of the moon D the changes to the moon

49. The time between today’s sunrise and tomorrow’s sunrise would be about— A 29 days B 365 days C 12 hours D 24 hours

49. The time between today’s sunrise and tomorrow’s sunrise would be about— A 29 days B 365 days C 12 hours D 24 hours

50. A mother purchased a heavy jacket for her son on a 100°F August day. She made the purchase because she knows that— A Texas weather is unpredictable and very cold temperatures are common all year round B seasons change at about the same time each year and the temperature becomes colder during winter C seasons change every month or so and the temperature becomes colder during winter D seasons change on exactly the same day every other year and winter temperatures are colder

50. A mother purchased a heavy jacket for her son on a 100°F August day. She made the purchase because she knows that— A Texas weather is unpredictable and very cold temperatures are common all year round B seasons change at about the same time each year and the temperature becomes colder during winter C seasons change every month or so and the temperature becomes colder during winter D seasons change on exactly the same day every other year and winter temperatures are colder

? Day 1 Day 4 Day 7 Day 10 Day 13 51. A student has been observing the moon every three days. On the seventh day, the moon could not been seen because of clouds. Which of these shows what the moon probably looked like on that day? A C B D

? Day 1 Day 4 Day 7 Day 10 Day 13 51. A student has been observing the moon every three days. On the seventh day, the moon could not been seen because of clouds. Which of these shows what the moon probably looked like on that day? A C B D

52. How would you order the pictures below to show the correct seasonal sequence? S: fall T: winter U: summer V: spring A. S, T, U, V B. T, V, U, S C. V, S, T, U D. T, V, S, U MS ?’s

52. How would you order the pictures below to show the correct seasonal sequence? S: fall T: winter U: summer V: spring A. S, T, U, V B. T, V, U, S C. V, S, T, U D. T, V, S, U

53. Earth experiences seasonal changes because of its orbit around the sun, which is also known as a – A. revolution B. precipitation C. rotation D. condensation

53. Earth experiences seasonal changes because of its orbit around the sun, which is also known as a – A. revolution B. precipitation C. rotation D. condensation

54. Students notice it is fairly easy to predict the time of day from the sun and a shadow cast on the ground since the length of a shadow changes throughout the day. The length of a shadow that is cast is comparative to the sun’s – A. height and angle as it appears to move across the sky B. length and height as it moves across the sky C. revolution as it orbits around the Earth D. rotation as it appears to spin on its axis

54. Students notice it is fairly easy to predict the time of day from the sun and a shadow cast on the ground since the length of a shadow changes throughout the day. The length of a shadow that is cast is comparative to the sun’s – A. height and angle as it appears to move across the sky B. length and height as it moves across the sky C. revolution as it orbits around the Earth D. rotation as it appears to spin on its axis

55. Scientists use a variety of tools and methods to conduct scientific inquiry. Which of the following tools would be helpful in studying the patterns of change in the appearance of the moon over time? A. Telescope B. Thermometer C. Microscope D. Timer

55. Scientists use a variety of tools and methods to conduct scientific inquiry. Which of the following tools would be helpful in studying the patterns of change in the appearance of the moon over time? A. Telescope B. Thermometer C. Microscope D. Timer

56. Every day, rising and falling of ocean water is caused by the pull of gravity from the moon and sun, affecting the movement of water across the ocean. Which pattern of change below is the daily rise and fall of the ocean level? A. tides B. moon phases C. seasons D. shadows

56. Every day, rising and falling of ocean water is caused by the pull of gravity from the moon and sun, affecting the movement of water across the ocean. Which pattern of change below is the daily rise and fall of the ocean level? A. tides B. moon phases C. seasons D. shadows

57. The revolution of the moon around the Earth makes the moon appear to change its shape in the sky. The changing shape of the lit part of the moon that we see is called? A. Crescent B. Position C. Phase D. State

57. The revolution of the moon around the Earth makes the moon appear to change its shape in the sky. The changing shape of the lit part of the moon that we see is called? A. Crescent B. Position C. Phase D. State

58. If a picture was added for the next phase, it can be predicted that the visible light seen would – A. increase B. decrease C. expand D. disappear

58. If a picture was added for the next phase, it can be predicted that the visible light seen would – A. increase B. decrease C. expand D. disappear

58. On a bright, sunny day, which time of day can be predicted to create the shortest shadows? A. 9:00 a.m. B. 12:00 p.m. C. 3:00 p.m. D. 12:00 a.m.

58. On a bright, sunny day, which time of day can be predicted to create the shortest shadows? A. 9:00 a.m. B. 12:00 p.m. C. 3:00 p.m. D. 12:00 a.m.

“Earth’s axis is not straight up and down, but tilted “Earth’s axis is not straight up and down, but tilted. This tilt and Earth’s revolution cause us to experience changes in the amount of sunlight we receive each day.” 59. Which natural occurrence is the statement explaining? A. moon phases B. tides C. seasons D. constellations

“Earth’s axis is not straight up and down, but tilted “Earth’s axis is not straight up and down, but tilted. This tilt and Earth’s revolution cause us to experience changes in the amount of sunlight we receive each day.” 59. Which natural occurrence is the statement explaining? A. moon phases B. tides C. seasons D. constellations

60. Which statement correctly gives a logical reason why the moon appears to change shape over the 30-day period? A. Only the lit part of the moon facing Earth can be seen as the moon orbits Earth. B. The moon travels between Earth and the sun every 30 days. C. Earth’s axis is tilted, making the moon appear to change as Earth revolves. D. Only the lit part of the moon is the part the sun shines on each day.

60. Which statement correctly gives a logical reason why the moon appears to change shape over the 30-day period? A. Only the lit part of the moon facing Earth can be seen as the moon orbits Earth. B. The moon travels between Earth and the sun every 30 days. C. Earth’s axis is tilted, making the moon appear to change as Earth revolves. D. Only the lit part of the moon is the part the sun shines on each day.

61. What is the cause of the water levels rising and falling during the tide cycle? A. rotation of the Earth B. gravity from the moon and sun C. evaporation of water D. wind blowing the water

61. What is the cause of the water levels rising and falling during the tide cycle? A. rotation of the Earth B. gravity from the moon and sun C. evaporation of water D. wind blowing the water

62. Evaluate the scientific observations below 62. Evaluate the scientific observations below. Which is NOT an example of empirical evidence? A. The shadows were 10 meters long at 4:00 p.m. B. High tide occurred at 3:00 p.m. C. There was a full moon on August 13 D. The first day of fall had very cool temperatures

62. Evaluate the scientific observations below 62. Evaluate the scientific observations below. Which is NOT an example of empirical evidence? A. The shadows were 10 meters long at 4:00 p.m. B. High tide occurred at 3:00 p.m. C. There was a full moon on August 13 D. The first day of fall had very cool temperatures **Even if you didn’t know what “empirical” meant – you can tell that A, B, & C all had specific data while D had very general, nonspecific data

63. Students constructed a saltwater model to study ocean tides 63. Students constructed a saltwater model to study ocean tides. Which tool should the students use when demonstrating how the model works? A. spring scale B. microscope C. safety goggles D. fire extinguisher

63. Students constructed a saltwater model to study ocean tides 63. Students constructed a saltwater model to study ocean tides. Which tool should the students use when demonstrating how the model works? A. spring scale B. microscope C. safety goggles D. fire extinguisher

64. It is sunset. What compass direction must the person face to view his shadow? A. north B. south C. east D. west

64. It is sunset. What compass direction must the person face to view his shadow? A. north B. south C. east D. west **Your shadow will fall on the opposite direction that the sun is hitting you. Sunset = sun will be on the WEST. So, the opposite of west is east – you would have to look at the EAST to see your shadow**