No energy wasted Example of an energy strategy in urban areas Brussels, 22nd June 2006

2 finite fossil energy resources increasing commodity prices dependence on unstable political regions  discussion focused on end energy  look on use of primary resources is needed!! Energy efficiency is in discussion District heating in urban area is an important part of the solution!

3 Share 2005 Peak load heat plants 2,5% CHP 66,1 % Industrial CHP 7,6 % Waste utilisation 23,8% Development of district heating in Vienna 1969 “Heizbetriebe Wien”, waste incineration and stand alone grids 350MW th capacity 1979 reached production 55% in heat plants and 45% in waste utilisation Since then new heat sources developed with the use of otherwise wasted energy

4 PRF Fernwärme Wien < 0,30 Compare: Condensing boiler 1,2 Heatpump 0,85 Use of waste heat from industry, power generation and waste incineration is responsible for low PRF (Picture: Refinery near Vienna delivers industrial waste heat) Primary resource factor (PRF) Use it or loose it!

5 Leads automatically to: - lower Emissions of greenhouse gases AND air pollutants – district heating reduced and will reduce the Volume of pollutants in Vienna - high security of supply – temporary shortages in gas or oil supply do not affect us - lower dependence on fuel prices - price for household customers have not risen in Vienna since 1991 Advantages of low Primary resource factor (PRF)

6 Example for lower emissions in terms of CO 2 Calculation from federal environmental agency Includes also CO 2 from waste incineration Value without waste ~ 95 kg/MWh used energy

7 Today Market share 35% GWh Heat sold 2020 expected market share > 50% GWh heat sold Growth based mainly on renewables and waste heat!

8 New plants already under construction 2006 – biomass CHP + 37 MW th 2008 – waste utilisation Pfaffenau + 54 MW th 2008 – Geothermal source + 15 MW th 2009 – CHP repowering Simmering 1/ MW th Installations to utilise capacities and to raise efficiency Additional mesh in the network MW useable Heat storage facility for district heating+ 170 MW usable Planned plants – mid and long term options Bio fuel plants Further CHP-Repowering Coal based CHP including CO 2 separation

9 max. 66 MW th District heating 37,0 MW Up to 300 GWh per year Electricity 16,2 MW el > 140 GWh per year Efficiency in CHP mode > 80 % New biomass CHP starts operation in few weeks piled metre woodchips per year

10 Biggest difference to small biomass plants: 1.High efficient combined production of electricity and heat 2.Denox catalytic converter 3.Bag house filter How would you do it? this way? decentral or this way? central

11 Initiated development  Heat is to 1/3 produced in plants with renewable energy or waste as fuel  97 % of the heat is made in CHP (waste, renewables, fossil)  To produce 2/3 of the heat the highefficient fossile CHP needs far less fuel input!  Therefore the share of renewables and waste on used fuels is 60%

12 This development will:  lower PRF < 0,15*  lower specific emissions of district heating system > 100 t CO2/GWh (CO 2 of waste included)  further increase security of supply  guarantee low energy costs for the customers *calculation includes assumption that PRF for electricity in Europe will improve from 2,5 now to 2,1 in 2020

13 Consequence of this expansion for Vienna  Reduction of ~ 2,7 million MWh fossil fuels Saves about € 53 millions energy import  38% reduction of CO2 emissions for domestic use  11% reduction of CO2 emissions for waste treatment GWh electricity produced in chp mode ~ 1/3 of Austrian thermal electricity production + 100% waste recycling in Vienna (energetic and material) + 100% of industrial waste heat in the area is used

14 = No Energy wasted What is possible in Vienna is also possible elsewhere Thank you for you attention