RECREATIONAL CARRYING CAPACITY ASSESSMENT FOR THE CHIKLY ISLAND AND SURROUNDINGS (TUNIS) María José VIÑALS Imma MARTÍNEZ Aida ABDENNADHER Maryland MORANT Lola TERUEL

1 INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES 2 RESEARCH SOURCES AND METHODS Field inspections (two field trips) Collecting data Infrastructures and facilities analysis. Analysis of the current activities developed in the site. In-dept h interviews with stakeholders Analysis of comparative studies of the Spanish sites. 3 DEVELOPMENT OF THE RECREATIONAL CARRYING CAPACITY ASSESSMENT Lagoon, Island and Fortress Spatial Analysis Study of the natural, cultural and scenic resources involved Critical revision of the recreational activities planned Visitors’ profile and behaviour study. 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results from the Physical Carrying Capacity study Results from the Real Carrying Capacity study Results from the Effective Carrying Capacity Determining the Recreational Carrying Capacity and related-indicators. 5 CONCLUSIONS AND MANAGERIAL GUIDE 6 REFERENCES 7 ANNEXES

8,13 KM 2,80 KM 6,45 KM1,39 KM 1,16 KM 1,43 KM

NORTH LAKE OF TUNIS NORTH LAKE OF TUNIS

BIRDS HABITAT ZONING (NORTH LAKE OF TUNIS) BIRDS HABITAT ZONING (NORTH LAKE OF TUNIS)

CHIKLY ISLAND CHIKLY ISLAND

CHIKLY ISLAND (Constructions and Facilities) CHIKLY ISLAND (Constructions and Facilities)

FORT OF SANTIAGO FORT OF SANTIAGO

FAUNA & FLORA FAUNA & FLORA

HISTORIC BUILDING FORT OF SANTIAGO

FORT DU SANTIAGO

SCENIC RESOURCES: PANORAMIC VIEWS

NORTH-WEST VIEW SOUTH-WEST VIEW

SOUTH-EAST VIEW NORTH-EAST VIEW

INTANGIBLE KNOWLEDGE REOOURCES: TRADITIONAL FISHING

1/ Interpretative Route in the Natural Reserve of the Chikly Island 2/ Interpretative Visit of the Fort of Santiago 3/ Birdwatching in the Northern Lagoon of Tunis SUITABLE RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES

INTERPRETATIVE ROUTE IN THE NATURAL RESERVE OF CHIKLY INTERPRETATIVE STATIONS 1/ Roman sites 2/ Brackish Marsh areas 3/ La Digue 4/ Façade of the Fort

INTERPRETATIVE VISIT FORT OF SANTIAGO

BIRDWATCHING NORTHERN LAGOON

1.PHYSIOGRAPHIC UNITS MAPPING 5. RESOURCES INVENTORY AND APPLIED ASSESSMENT 2. NATURAL HAZARDS MAPPING 3. ACCES INFRASTRUCTURES MAPPING 4. AVAILABLE SURFACE FOR RECREATIONAL PURPOSES 6. TERRITORY COMPETENC E MAPPING ZONNING Spatial considerations “The best place for hosting the planned activity”

Inventory and Assessment Intrinsic Values: significance, representativeness and singularity Recreational Criteria: attractiveness, accessibility, fragility/vulnerability, feasibility, availability, educational values, and increasing awareness values

ZONING OF THE PHYSIOGRAFIC UNITS OF THE CHIKLY ISLAND Circular Trail: 850 m x 2-3 m width Visitor Spatial Standard: 4 m m x 2.5 m / 4 = Coefficient of Land Use: 10% /10= 53 Visitors

ZONING OF THE ACCESIBILITY OF THE FORT OF SANTIAGO Access floorMain floor and courtTerrasse Tower

EXHIBITION ROOMS IN THE MAIN FLOOR 6 Exhibition rooms about 8,00 m 2 each one Visitor Spatial Standard: 1,2 m 2 8 m 2 / 1,2 m 2 = 6,66 Tower: 17,4 m 2 / 1,2 m 2 = 14.5

Ecosystems and Habitats to conserve Mapping SUITABILITY FOR USE MAPPING Physical and ecological, cultural and social Impact Analisys due to the activity or users Vulnerability Mapping TERRITORY COMPETENCE MAPPING “The best place for hosting the planned activity” … …where causes the least impacts Limiting Factors -Analysis of the site conditions (space limiting factors) -Physical and ecological factors (Impacts study) -Social factors (Visitors’ Psychological Comfort)

NESTING AREAS ZONING (Ecological limiting factor) Visitor Spatial Standard: 10 m 2 (instead 4 m 2 ) in order to protect nests close to the trail. 850 m x 2.5 m / 10 = Coefficient of Land Use 10%: / 10= 21 Visitors

ISLAND VISUAL IMPACTS ZONING (site conditions limiting factor) High Visual Fragility of the Island 20 Visitors is a large number of people to be held in an interpretation station (Group size: maximum 10 people) Visitors themselves cause visual impacts (2 groups can’t visit at the same time the Island) 1 group visiting the Island 1 group visiting the Fort

EXHIBITION ROOMS (site conditions limiting factor) Reading focal length: 0,70 m Windows Safety distance: 0,70 m Final Available Surface: 2,00 m 2 Visitor Spatial Standard: 1,2 m 2 2 m / 1,2 m 2 = 1,66

TOWER OF THE FORT OF SANTIAGO (Site conditions limiting factors) PhCC: Tower surface: 17,4 m 2 Visitor Spatial Standard: 1,2 m 2 17,4 / 1,2 = 14,5 people RCC: Activity limiting factors: Space Availability in the front line Spatial reference: available perimeter: 3,5 m Visitor Spatial Standard: 1,0 m 13,5 / 1,0 = 13,5 birdwatchers

(Managerial limiting factors)

Standars indicate the minimal acceptable conditions for the site. Fauna / Vegetation / Water / Landscape / Hitorical building An Indicator is a type of performance measurement used by the administration to evaluate the established conservation standards

-Determining the Conservation Standards -Reinforce the preventive protection measures -Establish access restrictions in special periods (nesting, etc.) -Set up physical barriers in order to protect roman remains -Write a Ethical Code -Prepare a Management Plan -Implement an Interpretative Programme -Control the boat speed -Improve site facilities -Develop an integrated signage system -Facilitate the basic services (first aids, telephone, chemical WC, drinkable water, etc.) -To provide the site with 2 wardens (1 day / 1 night) + 1 guide-interpreter (ToR must be writen) -Economic and material needs for conservation purposes and for recreational uses must be evaluated -Finantial strategies must be studied -Public-privat partnership implemented EFFECTIVE CARRYING CAPACITITY RECOMMENDATIONS