HUMAN MIGRATION Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius, AUTOMOTIVE SCHOOL GDAŃSK POLAND

is movement of people from one area to another, sometimes over a long distance or in large groups. Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius, (derived from Latin: migratio)

People who migrate into a territory are called immigrants, while at the departure point they are called emigrants. Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius,

settlers colonists Small groups migrating to a new territory are called settlers or colonists, refugees while people forced to leave their country are called refugees. Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius, Get out from the homeland!

A person, who takes the decision to migrate freely for reasons of "personal convenience" and without intervention of an external compelling factor. A person who moves with his family members, to another country or region to improve their material or social conditions and improve the prospect for himself or his family. Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius,

migrant The United Nations defines migrant as an individual who: has resided in a foreign country for more than one year, voluntary or involuntary, regular or irregular. Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius, Those travelling for shorter periods as tourists and businesspeople would not be considered migrants.

FACTORS CAUSING MIGRATIONS Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius,

Not enough jobs Few opportunities Primitive conditions Poor medical care Loss of wealth Desertification Famine or drought Natural disasters Pollution Political fear or persecution Slavery or forced labour Lack of political or religious freedom Bullying Discrimination War Death threats Poor chances of marriage Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius, FACTORS CAUSING MIGRATIONS Job opportunities Better living conditions Better medical care Enjoyment Education Attractive climate Political and/or religious freedom Industry Security Family links Better chances of marriage PUSH FACTORS PULL FACTORS

CLASSIFICATION TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION… destination internal migration external migration durationtemporaryseasonalpendular long- lasting purpose tourismhealth carepilgrimagesearnings Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius,

TYPES OF THE MIGRATION -, - Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius, departure emigration arrival immigration return from the temporary emigration re-emigration escape refugee organised by the state in order to avoid the expected threat evacuation return of citizens from unfamiliar territory organised by their state repatriation resettling of state citizens within its borders relocation (transfer) compulsory resettling of groups of people to outskirts of the state or to the foreign countries deportation

Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius, TYPES OF THE MIGRATION Urban to rural, in developed countries due to a higher cost of urban living SUBURBANIZATION Rural to urban, in developing countries as industrialization takes effect URBANIZATION

MIGRATION STATISTICS According to International Organization for Migration's and the World Migration Report 2010, the number of international migrants was estimated at 214 million in If this number continued to grow at the same pace as during the last 20 years, it could reach 405 million by Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius,

Sources World Migration Report The Future of Migration: Building Capacities for Change. International Organization for Migration Migration in the past, the present and the future - problems and opportunities LLP Comenius,