Instructor & Todd Lammle Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 4: Cisco’s IOS and SDM Instructor & Todd Lammle

Chapter 4 Objectives The Cisco router IOS Enhanced editing Administrative functions Hostnames Banners Passwords Interface descriptions Verifying your configuration 2

Cisco Router IOS Carries network protocols and functions Connects high-speed traffic between devices Adds security to control access Provides scalability for growth Supplies reliability

Router Access Console port (console) Auxiliary port (AUX) Rollover cable, RJ-45 to DB-9, RJ-45 to DB-25 Auxiliary port (AUX) Virtual terminal (VTY) 4

Connecting To A Cisco Router

Connecting To A Cisco Router

Connecting Via Terminal Programs Establish a connection Physical connection through console 9600 bits per second, data bits 8, stop bits 1, parity “none”, flow control “none” Logical connection through VTY Terminal programs HyperTerminal, Microphone Pro, ProComm Plus, Telix, Tera Term 7

Bringing up a Router Boot-up process: 1: POST 2: Looks for the Cisco IOS from Flash memory 3: IOS loads & looks for a valid configuration; startup-config stored in nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) 4: If a valid config is not found in NVRAM: setup mode

Bringing up a Router Boot-up process: 9

Setup Mode Basic Management Setup Extended Setup Command-Line Interface

Command-Line Interface (CLI) More flexible than setup mode. To use the CLI, just say No to entering the initial configuration dialog. Initial prompt consists of two parts Hostname Greater than symbol (>)

Logging into the Router User mode: Router> Used mostly to view statistics Privileged mode: Router# Used to view & change router configuration

Overview of Router Modes Global changes: config terminal or config t Changes made to running-config (DRAM) To change the startup-config (NVRAM) config memory or config mem Note: Any configuration changes need to be placed into RAM. Typing config mem or config net (from a TFTP host) will append the current running-config

Configuration Modes Global configuration mode Interface mode Router(config)# Interface mode Router(config–if)# Line configuration mode Router(config-line)# Router configuration mode Router(config-router)# 14

Configuration Modes 15

Configuration CLI Prompts Interfaces Sub-interfaces Line Commands Routing Protocol Configurations

Editing & Help Features

Editing & Help Features Commands starting with a certain letter Router#c? clear clock configure connect copy Enhanced Editing Commands Router-Command History Gathering Basic Routing Information show version

Enhanced Editing Commands

Enhanced Editing Commands (cont.)

Router Command History

Gathering Basic Routing Information

Administrative Functions The administrative functions that you can configure on a router and switch are Hostnames Banners Password Interface descriptions

Hostnames & Descriptions Router(config)#hostname todd todd(config)# Descriptions Atlanta(config)#int e0 Atlanta(config-if)#description Sales Lan

Banners Purpose: welcome message Types Delimiting character exec: set EXEC process creation banner incoming: set incoming terminal line banner login: login banner motd: set message of the Day banner Delimiting character

Banners 26

Setting the Passwords 5 passwords: 1st two used to set your enable password Used to secure privileged mode; Router>enable Other three are used to configure a password in user mode via: console port auxiliary port Telnet

Passwords Enable passwords Auxiliary Password Console Password Router(config)#enable password cisco Router(config)#enable secret cisco Auxiliary Password Console Password Telnet Password Encrypting Your Password Router(config)#service password-encryption

Passwords 29

Passwords 30

Passwords 31

Passwords 32

Passwords 33

Interface Descriptions Setting descriptions on an interface is helpful to the administrator and, like the hostname, only locally significant. The description command is a helpful one because you can, for instance, use it to keep track of circuit numbers. Here’s an example: Atlanta(config)#int e0 Atlanta(config-if)#description Sales Lan Atlanta(config-if)#int s0 Atlanta(config-if)#desc Wan to Miami circuit:6fdda4321 You can view the description of an interface either with the show running-config command or the show interface command.

Router Interfaces Bringing up an Interface no shutdown shutdown show interface Configuring an IP Address on an Interface Router(config)#int e0 Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.10.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut Serial Interface Commands clock rate & bandwidth (entered in kilobits)

Configuring The Time And Date 36

Viewing, & Saving Configurations running-config saved in DRAM startup-config saved in NVRAM copy run start sh run sh start erase startup-config

Verifying Your Configuration Tools: show running-config show startup-config ping show cdp nei detail trace telnet

Other Verification Methods Verifying with the show interface command Router#show interface ? Verifying with the show ip interface command (layer 3 info) Router#show ip interface Router#show ip interface brief Router#show controllers

Router Components ROM Flash memory NVRAM RAM/DRAM

Router Components ROM Read-only memory (ROM) Bootstrap program ROM monitor firmware ROM monitor mode (>) or (rommon 1>)

Router Components Flash memory Erasable, programmable, read-only memory (EPROM) Contains the Cisco IOS Can store multiple IOS “show version” command “show flash” command

Router Components NVRAM Nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM) Special type of RAM Not cleared when router is rebooted Startup configuration file “show start” command

Router Components Random access memory (RAM) Volatile Information is not retain during router reboot Running configuration “show running-config” command “show memory” command “show buffers” command

Summary Go through all the written labs and review questions Review answers in class 45