Plant Reproduction Chapter 30

Reproductive Structures of Flowering Plants  Flowers are the reproductive shoots of angiosperm sporophytes  Spores that form by meiosis inside flowers develop into haploid gametophytes

Pollination  Pollination: The transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma

Why is Pollination Important?  Sexual reproduction is important for evolution:  Sexual reproduction produces variable offspring  You need variation for Natural Selection to occur  Sexual reproduction is advantageous to an organism only if it happens with someone other than itself!

Strategies to Avoid Self-Pollination  strategies to avoid self-pollination: Timing – Morphological – Biochemical

Flowers and Their Pollinators  Sexual reproduction in plants involves transfer of pollen, usually from one plant to another  Flowering plants coevolved with pollinators such as insects, birds, or other animals

Pollen Distribution  Wind- not efficient and not spp. specific  Animals Insects Birds Mammals Reptiles amphibians

Day and Night Pollinators

Attracting Pollinators

Smelly!!  Carrion plant ( Amorphophallus titanum)

zygote in seed (2n) fertilizationDIPLOID Fig. 30-3, p. 509 mature sporophyte (2n) germination meiosis in anther meiosis in ovary HAPLOID eggs (n)sperm (n) male gametophyte (n) female gametophyte (n) Stepped Art microspores (n) megaspores (n)

Life Cycle: Eudicot

Fruits A mature, seed-containing ovary, that develop from other parts of a flower  Fruits function to protect and disperse seeds

 Artificial pollination-