Product Stewardship Institute Ultimate Disposal of Pharmaceuticals January 12, 2010 By John G. Waffenschmidt V.P., Environmental Science and Community Affairs

Leading Producer of Energy-from-Waste Largest Energy-from-Waste (EfW) operator in the world –Global presence; local relationships –North America, Asia & Europe –4,000 employees 44 EfW facilities owned and/or operated –Serve more than 12 million people –19 million tons of waste per year –9,000,000 MW-hr of renewable electricity/yr –400,000 tons of metal recycled each year JGW26702 Covanta Operates in 18 States and Canada Covanta Number one position in the U.S. Energy-from-Waste industry

Environmental Management System Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) Odors Burned in Boilers Ash Wetted High-temperature Combustion Acid Gas Scrubbers Baghouse or ESP Carbon Injection* Tall Stack Manual Stack Tests Typical Energy from Waste Facility Air Pollution Control Systems Enclosed Unloading and Storage Areas Urea Injection* * Some Plants JGW26703

Alexandria Energy-from-Waste Facility Permit Limit 2003 – 2007 Actual Results % Below Limit Particulate (mg/dscm) % Dioxin/Furan (ng/dscm) % Mercury (µg/dscm) % Lead (µg/dscm) % Cadmium (µg/dscm) % Note: All concentrations corrected to 7% oxygen. Actual vs. Allowable Emissions 4JGW2670

Alexandria vs. EU Standard Lower Limit Actual Results % Below Limit Particulate (mg/dscm) % Dioxin/Furan (ng/dscm) % Mercury (µg/dscm) % Lead (µg/dscm) % Cadmium (µg/dscm) % 5

Summary Thoughts EfW and hazardous waste incineration will provide the same thermal destruction and environmental protection, 100% destruction, emissions without health risks Pharmaceuticals, if not reverse distributed, should never be flushed, they should either be burned or rendered unrecognizable, unusable and landfilled Non-hazardous wastes should not be sent to hazardous waste incinerators JGW26706