Introduction and Perspectives

 Personality – three definitions  1) Persona – mask  2) Outer appearance  3) Inner characteristics

 Personality: Characteristic ways of thinking, feeling and behaving  Personality Disorder: personality that is not necessarily disorganized, but a way of being that is maladaptive in a variety of ways

 Cognition  Interpersonal relationships  Impulse control  Affect  2/4 areas affected at minimum

PersonologyPsychiatry Personality Disorders Abnormal Psychology Personality Psychology

 Inflexible traits  Maladaptive behavior  Long-standing  Pervasive  Difficult to treat  Ego syntonic

 1952  2000 ◦ Diagnostic Criteria

 Polythetic, Monothetic Format  Personality Disorders  7, 8, or 9 criteria

 schizoid, paranoid, schizotypal  narcissistic, histrionic, borderline, antisocial  avoidant, compulsive, dependent  self-defeating, sadistic (1987 – cut 1994)  depressive, negativistic (1994)

 Apathetic, remote solitary, indifferent  Little need for attachment  Not aware of feelings  Few drives or ambitions Click here

withdrawn, emotional suppression, spouses complain of lack of intimacy Develop anxiety, somatoform reactions, brief reactive psychosis Check for alcohol abuse or PTSD Click here

 Hesitant, self-conscious, embarrassed  Fears rejection, anxious  Inept, inferior, unappealing, lonely Click here

 Hypersensitive to evaluation  Profound feelings of inadequacy  Sensitive to signs of disapproval  Use fantasy as defense (if only…)  Risk for developing social phobia

 Somber, pessimistic, fatalistic, brooding  Valueless, guilty, impotent  Worthy of criticism and contempt

 New scale, not a lot of validity  Gloomy, passive, quiet, pessimistic  Down, hard to please, defeatist  Difficulty expressing anger  High scores could be due to major depression or dysthymia

 Helpless, incompetent, submissive  Irresponsible, Weak, fragile What about Bob?

 Submissive, acquiescent, concerns about being abandoned, fears of rejection, self- blame, insecure  Co-morbid with depression and anxiety Click here

 Dramatic, seductive, shallow  Attention seeking, exhibitionistic  “attractive”, “charming”  Colourful Vivian Leigh A Street Car Named Desire

 Center of attention  Shallow emotions  Might be a style…  More common with substance abusers Vivian Leigh Gone with the Wind

 Egotistical, arrogant, entitled, grandiose  “Admirable”, “superior” Jack Nicholson A Few Good Men Click here

 Egocentricity, independence, grandiosity, feelings of superiority  Self-centered, entitled, constant praise  Bubble bursts… prone to depression, paranoia, substance abuse  Might be a style

Jack Tom

 Impulsive, irresponsible, deviant, unruly  Non-reflective, self-serving  Disrespectful, free, independent Cape Fear Robert DeNiro

 Motivated to avoid control and domination  Competitive, blunt, intimidating  Prone to legal, vocation and marital difficulties

 Hostile, abrasive, cruel, dogmatic  Explosive, intimidating, dominating  opinionated and close-minded Vincent D'Onofrio Law and Order

 Top Dog persona  Publicly “ok” – successful  Private “monster”  Type A personalities  Not official PD, diagnosis – PD NOS Warning Very violent

 Restrained, conscientious, respectful  Rigid, conventional, regulated  “Reliable, efficient, productive”

 Organized, perfectionistic, impatient, good morals, obedient behavior, suppression of emotions  Fears disapproval  Might be a style

 Resentful, skeptical, discontented  Resisting, inefficient  Angry, moody, irritable, sullen

 twisted, conflicted  irritable, hostile, negativistic  complaining, disgruntled  feel unappreciated, pout  disillusioned  vacillate  Not official, PD NOS

 effacing, servile, blameful  defeatist, self-condemning

 Self-sacrificing, deserve to suffer  Martyr-like, endures abuse  Look for victimization  Not a well-validated scale  Not official anymore – PD NOS

 Guarded, defensive, distrustful  “persecuted”

 Hypervigilance  Sensitive  Rigid and argumentative  Annoyance with others  Grandiosity  Edgy defensiveness  Secretive

 Eccentric, bizarre, absent  Peculiar, odd, disconnected Click here Warning Foul Language

 Cognitive impairments  Self-absorbed in own thoughts  Ideas of reference  Detachment, social isolation  Self-conscious and anxious

 Borderline  Unpredictable, manipulative, unstable  Fears abandonment  Moody, contrary Click here Warning Foul Language

 Unstable mood, anger, guilt, dependency seeking, Impulsive, self-damaging  Suicidal  Constantly seek approval  Prone to brief psychotic reactions  Poor sense of self and boundaries

 Rent or click on following  Next slide to view this movie…  Do a Character Analysis of Annie.  What PD(s) does she have?

 Part I Part II Part III Part IPart IIPart III  Part IV Part V Part VI Part IVPart VPart VI  Part VII Part VIII Part IX Part VIIPart VIIIPart IX  Part X Part XI Part XPart XI