AP Biology 2005-2006 Chapter 18. Bacterial Genetics.

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AP Biology Chapter 18. Bacterial Genetics

AP Biology Why study bacterial genetics? Its an easy place to start  history  we know more about it systems better understood  simpler genome  good model for control of genes build concepts from there to eukaryotes  bacterial genetic systems are exploited in biotechnology

AP Biology Bacteria Bacteria review  one-celled organisms  prokaryotes  reproduce by mitosis binary fission  rapid growth generation every ~20 minutes 10 8 (100 million) colony overnight!  dominant form of life on Earth  incredibly diverse

AP Biology Transformation Bacteria are opportunists  pick up naked foreign DNA wherever it may be hanging out have surface transport proteins that are specialized for the uptake of naked DNA  import bits of chromosomes from other bacteria  incorporate the DNA bits into their own chromosome express new gene form of recombination

AP Biology Transduction Phage viruses carry bacterial genes from one host to another

AP Biology Conjugation Direct transfer of DNA between 2 bacterial cells that are temporarily joined  results from presence of F plasmid with F factor F for “fertility” DNA  E. coli “male” extends sex pilli, attaches to female bacterium  cytoplasmic bridge allows transfer of DNA

AP Biology Any Questions??