CREST Lidar Network (CLN) CREST Lidar network (formally denoted as REALM) is comprised of lidar facilities at 4 US campuses partially supported by the NOAA CREST Cooperative Center CCNY – New York City Area (Barry Gross / Fred Moshary) UMBC- Baltimore Area (Ray Hoff) Hampton U. – Virginia (Pat McCormick) UPRM- Mayaguez Puerto Rico (Hamed Parsiani) 2nd Galion Workshop Sept 21, 2010 Geneva Switzerland

CCNY Lidar and ancillary Ground-based facilities A multi-wavelength Raman-Mie lidar (1064,532,355,387,407-nm) Vertical distribution of aerosol, cloud and water vapor, Angstrom exponent, Lidar-ratio, PBL-height; 3-day/week in the urban area.  A CIMEL sun-photometer (AERONET site co-located with the lidar) Aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 340~1020nm + 1630 channel, Angstrom exponent, Inversion data (volume size distribution,refractive index). Radiometrics Microwave Radiometer (~60-mile away, downwind direction) Profiles of T, RH, PWV, LW to 10 km (50-200m resolution)

CCNY multi-wavelength Raman-Mie lidar Three laser-beams: 1064/532/355-nm simutaneously Five-receiving channels: 3 elastic + 2 Raman channels (387-407 nm) Laser power: 9W@355-nm, Telescope: Φ50-cm Regular obs., 3-day/week in the urban area. Additional Goal: N2-Raman at 607-nm (2α+3β for aerosol microphysics). Data access from Earlinet Database can be used to test algorithms

Collection statistics Last 4 years Based on > 6 Hours observation criteria Obvious Increase in data collection in summer: FAA Req need Human Observers Runs try to follow Galion MWTH schedule weather permitting

CCNY Lidar Sample Scientific Activities Assessing Calipso Retrievals Vertical Profiles Aerosol Classification PBL heights from Caliop Layer Product Exploration of PBL Height Dynamics / Assessment of Urbanized Meteorological Models (i.e uWRF)

CALIPSO ground tracks near CCNY-lidar site

Testing Aerosol classification Ground-based lidar observation High Angstrom exponent Aerosol plume CALIOP/CALIPSO Obsevations of Alaska Fire Smoke Plumes Cloud Aerosol plume

Comparisons of WRF / uWRF Mixing Layer with CCNY Lidar uWRF vs Lidar Mixing Height See convective layer but Residual layers not captured. A trend is seen in summer convective cases where WRF seems to overestimate and prematurely trigger convective growth. Overestimation of Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) by underestimating urban roughness scales. uWRF overestimates the urban roughness

GALION Workshop Presentation Profiling air pollution over Baltimore “A Baltimore Testbed or An Air Quality Proving Ground” Ray Hoff Kevin McCann Tim Berkoff Ruben Delgado Hai Zhang Amy Huff (Battelle) Patricia Sawamura Daniel Orozco UMBC’s work in CLN has been supported both by CREST and by a major acquisition grant from NASA. The team members are shown on this slide. September 21, 2010 GALION Workshop Presentation

Areas of Research Understanding optical properties of atmospheric aerosols and gases in a suburban environment Understanding satellite retrievals of these chemicals and the relationship between column and profile measurements Calibrating the remote sensing measurements with in-situ ground measurements Understanding the impact of aerosols on human health Of specific interest here is providing a reference site within GALION for intercomparing commercial technologies that can be exported UMBC’s interest are the five areas above, all are related to Air Quality in a suburban setting. Of interest here are the addition of lidars which are commercial and can be considered for wider GALION use (see next slide).

Before 2008 ALEX - UV N2, H2O Raman lidar - 355, 389, 407 nm Before 2008, UMBC had an elastic lidar (ELF) which is shown on the left and a nitrogen-water vapor Raman lidar. ALEX - UV N2, H2O Raman lidar - 355, 389, 407 nm ELF - 532(,), 1064 elastic lidar

GALION needs QA/QC site for lidars in US Have all the wavelengths that people might use routinely Ability to cross-calibrate instruments Decided to add MPL (532nm) and LEOSPHERE (355nm) with NASA support As part of the NASA acquisition, a standard Sigmaspace MPL lidar and a Leosphere ALS450 were purchased and compared to the existing systems. Hoff will talk tomorrow about the use of the Leosphere.

New instruments BAM and TEOM (PM2.5 continuously) TSI 3683 (3 nephelometer) CIMEL (8 AOD, size distribution) LICEL (new detector package for ALEX) Additionally, UMBC purchase insitu instruments, a CIMEL sunphotometer and converted the ALEX system over to LICEL electronics from the old, old, old Santa Fe counting cards.

UMBC Monitoring of Atmospheric Pollution (UMAP) (NASA Supported Project) Weblinks to instruments The NASA project was retitled UMAP (UMBC Monitoring of Atmospheric Pollution and the instrument links are shown on the site here. http://alg.umbc.edu/UMAP

Data available The system is calendared and quicklooks can be seen by clicking on a date in green.

Sept. 2, 2009 Intercomparison Smoke Leosphere ELF Quickly, here is a comparison between the 532 ELF system and Leosphere which qualitatively look similar. Note that the ELF system has a wavelet PBL height product. But….. ELF

Leosphere - ELF Sept. 02, 2009 intercomparison Sa = 56 sr-1 355 nm 532 nm The Leosphere retrieval (blue left) has a different shape than the ELF retrieval. There are differences in the retrieve Sa from Leosphere’s Klett routing (73) and ELF’s closure on the CIMEL (Sa = 56). This led UMBC to develop an independent extinction retrieval on Leosphere which Ray Hoff will talk about tomorrow. ? Note : Differences in Profile structure : This led UMBC to develop an independent extinction retrieval on Leosphere which Ray Hoff will talk about tomorrow

Hampton Lidar and Activities 48-inch lidar 0.355, 0.532, and 1.064 µm. These measurements are being used as correlative measurements for the CALIPSO Spacecraft lidar backscatter measurements at 0.532 µm and 1.064 µm. Recently, the lidar was upgraded to obtain vibrational Raman backscattering measurements of tropospheric water vapor mixing ratios with two additional detectors at 0.4075 and 0.3867 µm. Preliminary measurements indicate that the lidar can provide useful water vapor mixing ratios to about 12 km at night and 4 km during daytime. CCNY, UMBC and Hampton Activities are increasing coordination

UPRM Lidar Activities Newest Implementation Important location in capturing different aerosol types Urban / Maritime mixing Saharan Dust Plumes Working on getting multwavelength system following CCNY Model

S Ratio based on closure with AOD from AERONET AOD 532 =.21 (include AOD =.04 contribution to account for non-overlap