Galileo: programme status and research activities Stefano SCARDA European GNSS Supervisory Authority (GSA)

Galileo: European motivation Political European independence and sovereignty Industrial politics It will ensure European sovereignty in future traffic management services and many other application areas Civil system under civil control Social Technological Better and new services for the citizens Improved safety of transport systems Environmental benefits Technological lead to European industry Explore synergy of a number of technologies Economic Global market shares Global competitiveness of all segments of the Value Chain Employment Efficiency of transport industry

GALILEO: Competitive scenario Shortcomings of existing systems: Not designed as a civilian system No contractual operator Only 1 signal for civil users Performance levels that make it unsuitable for numerous commercial and safety of life applications No service warranty No signal integrity GPS and GALILEO are not designed as competing systems. The combined GPS-GALILEO coverage will ensure better positioning accuracy for dual receivers.

The implementation approach 20 years Development and Validation Deployment Operations and Maintenance 1.6 Billion € Public 2.2 Billion € 1/3 Public, 2/3 Private 220 Million € per year Private 2 Test Satellite & 4 Operational Satellites Ground Infrastructure 26 Satellites Ground Infrastructure Routine Operations and Replenishment GNSS Supervisory Authority / Concessionaire EC/ESA Joint Undertaking

European GNSS Supervisory Authority The Mission of the Supervisory Authority Management of public sectors’ interests concerning the European radio navigation satellite systems Galileo and Egnos. Establishment of the regulatory framework to ensure free access to signal in space and system information Licensing authority vis-à-vis the private concession holder of the Galileo system. Management of the 6th and 7th EU Framework programmes to drive the Galileo market development Tasks of the Concessionaire (GOC): Deployment of the operational satellites Deployment of the ground infrastructure Operate the system for a period of ~ 20 years Generation of revenues Replenishment of the System European GNSS Supervisory Authority The GSA has been established by the Council Regulation 1321/2004 (July 2004) Act as a licensing authority vis-à-vis the private concession holder (GOC) who is responsible for managing and implementing the Galileo deployment and operation phases Supervise the GOC’s performance to ensure compliance of the deployed system with specifications, schedule and budget. Licensing of intellectual property rights (IPRs) vested in the Supervisory Authority to foster equipment and application development. Ensure certification and standardisation of the system components. Manage all aspects relating to the system’s safety and security Be the GNSS security accreditation authority (implementation of security procedures, system security audits) Definition of specification and instructions for manufacturing PRS receivers. Coordination, strategic direction and appraisal of R&D activities financed by the EC Framework Programmes Assessment of GNSS market evolution Monitoring of downstream markets to ensure non-discriminatory access to systems, fair commercial conditions to drive market penetration and competition Coordination of Member States’ frequency regulatory activities to ensure the operation of the system and frequency licensing

The Galileo concession process The concession will be released for 20 years The GJU to select and negotiate the contract, now passed to the GSA Main differentiating factors: Public Sector’s asset ownership since the start of concession Market uncertainty Technology immaturity Design is developed under a different contract Potentially high third party liability Concession contract main risk area: Cost overrun, Completion , Revenues, Performances, Design, Asset coverage and liability management, Deployment program, Compensation on termination EURELY Consortium (Core members: Alcatel Participations S.A., Finmeccanica, Autoroutes du Sud de la France, AENA, HISPASAT) iNAVSAT Consortium (Core members: INMARSAT Ventures Plc, EADS Space Services, Thales SA) In June 2005, the two consortia have delivered a joint proposal, which was considered positively by the evaluators for starting negotiation with the joint consortium.

The Galileo differentiators Under a regulated entity (European GNSS Supervisory Autority) To preserve the public interests In a commercial PPP scheme To develop the GNSS market and implement contractual schemes Technical advantage High performance – possible signal encryption and authentication Integrity To monitor the system performance –to verify GOC contractual obligations Transparency, auditability and record of past performance To provide service guarantee and quality of service Shortcomings of existing systems: Not designed as a civilian system No contractual operator Only 1 signal for civil users Performance levels that make it unsuitable for numerous commercial and safety of life applications No service warranty No signal integrity

GALILEO application overview Liability Critical Road tolling and charging (city access) Insurance “pay per use” Surveys for public interest (cadastre, agriculture parcels, energy distribution networks, environment protection) Time-stamping for e-commerce transactions Dangerous goods and high valuable goods transportation Support to Customs, Traceability and quality of food (Protected Geographical Indication, cold chain) Tracking and tracing for regulated activities

EU Transport Council Decision- December 2004 Galileo Services EU Transport Council Decision- December 2004 Open Access Commercial Safety of Life Search and Rescue Free to air; Mass market; Simple positioning Encrypted; High accuracy; Guaranteed service Open Service + Integrity and Authentication of signal Encrypted; Integrity; Continuous availability Near real-time; Precise; Return link feasible Public Regulated The following Galileo satellite-only services will be provided worldwide and independently from other systems by combining Galileo Signals in Space:  The Open Service (OS) results from a combination of open signals, free of user charge, and provides position and timing performance competitive with other GNSS systems. The Safety of Life Service (SoL) improves the open service performance through the provision of timely warnings to the user when it fails to meet certain margins of accuracy (integrity). It is envisaged that a service guarantee will be provided for this service. The Commercial Service (CS) provides access to two additional signals, to allow for a higher data throughput rate and to enable users to improve accuracy. The signals are encrypted. It is envisaged that a service guarantee will be provided for this service. The Public Regulated Service (PRS) provides position and timing to specific users requiring a high continuity of service, with controlled access. Two PRS navigation signals with encrypted ranging codes and data will be available. The Galileo support to the Search and Rescue service represents the contribution of Europe to the international COSPAS-SARSAT co-operative effort on humanitarian Search and Rescue activities. Galileo is to play an important part of the Medium Earth Orbit Search and Rescue system (MEOSAR). Galileo satellites will be able to pick up signals from emergency beacons carried on ships, planes or persons and ultimately send these back to national rescue centres. From this, a rescue centre can know the precise location of an accident. At least one Galileo satellite will be in view of any point on Earth so near real-time distress alert is possible. In some cases, feedback could be sent back to a beacon, something which is only made possible by Galileo. Extract from MRD: for mass market navigation applications and competitive to the GPS Standard Positioning Service and its evolutions; - A Safety of Life Service (SoL) – compliant to different standards in the aeronautical, maritime and rail domains. The SoL includes Integrity and Authentication capabilities. The SoL includes service guarantees; - A Commercial Service (CS) - generates commercial revenue by providing added value over the Open Service, such as by dissemination of encrypted navigation related data (0.5 kbps), ranging and timing for professional use - with service guarantees; - A Public Regulated Service (PRS) - for applications devoted to European/National security, regulated or critical applications and activities of strategic importance. The PRS will provide robust and encrypted signals, under Member States control; - A Search and Rescue Support Service (SAR) - provides assistance to the COSPAS-SARSAT system by detecting Emergency Beacons and forwarding Return Link Messages to the Emergency Beacons. Navigation SAR

Global Improvement of Performances Galileo + GPS + GLONASS + SBAS= Better Services GALILEO complements GPS as: The users will be able to use the same receiver to receive both GPS and GALILEO signals The availability of two or more constellations, more than doubling the total number of available satellites, will enhance the quality of the services, increasing the number of potential users and applications Improved accuracy (better geometry,…) Optimum integrity (Galileo integrity, redundancy,…) Increased availability (urban canyons, buildings,…): GPS in cities: 50 % availability Galileo + GPS in cities: 95 % availability With Galileo, GLONASS, GPS and SBAS you can see more satellites e.g. in urban canyons

Overall Market Forecasts Market forecast indicates 2.5 billion Galileo Users by 2020 Galileo user community is foreseen to be dominated by mass market (for the 2020 about 90% of the users will be related to mobile phone integrated with GNSS receiver and Vehicle Telematics) It is assumed that a joint Galileo / GPS receiver will become the default by 2012 (for mass market use) Revenues are expected by both Products and Services The Product related revenues will dominate the market while the Service related revenues will continue to grow Worldwide Revenues in 2025: > €450 billion

European GNSS Supervisory Authority Future research: the 7th FP Sub-theme 7.3 : Galileo Four research & development activity areas: Exploiting the full potential Preparing the tools and creating the appropriate environment Adapting receivers to requirements and upgrading core technologies Supporting infrastructure evolution European GNSS Supervisory Authority Exploiting the Full Potential Mass market applications Professional applications Scientific applications Safety-of-life applications Timing and synchronization applications Governmental applications New and innovative application and services Search and Rescue applications Regulated applications Promoting growth in the use of the services Freight transport management applications including freight and hazardous materials transportations Exploitation of by-product services Demonstrating the benefits and efficiencies of satellite navigation II. Providing the Tools and Creating the Appropriate Environment Research Areas Tools Certification and Standardization Ensuring safe and secure use of services by all Member States, mainly through certification in key application domains Preparing and confirming the adequacy of services to new policies and legislation, including their implementation Addressing public regulated services according to the approved policy of access; Developing essential digital topology, cartography, geodesy data and systems for use in navigation applications addressing safety and security needs and requirements

European GNSS Supervisory Authority Development Principles of the 7th FP The Supervisory Authority will focus in the 7th FP on downstream applications and receivers to foster the marketing of the services and revenue generation of the European GNSS the development, trial runs and new applications of the signals in space, to meet new user demand that will improve the business case, the development and test of new technology of the next generation of the system to improve overall cost efficiency, the development of the market, including support to innovation centres and networks, to certification of services and applications and to demonstrations. European GNSS Supervisory Authority

European GNSS Supervisory Authority Galileo – 7th FP Schedule Establishment of a strategic roadmap Coordination with ESA System Evolution Programme Definition and selection of R&D activity items for the 1st Call Preparation of tender package for the 1st Call in 2Q07 Release of 1st Call by 3Q07 European GNSS Supervisory Authority

European GNSS Supervisory Authority Thank you for your attention. For further information: European GNSS Supervisory Authority http://gsa.europa.eu/ stefano.scarda@ec.europa.eu