THE HISTORY OF BASKETBALL BY CHRISTOPHER SLEDGE SEPTEMBER 11, 2014

TABLE OF CONTENTS The Creator The Creator The Creator The Creator 13 Original Rules 13 Original Rules 13 Original Rules 13 Original Rules The First Ball The First Ball The First Ball The First Ball The Basket The Basket The Basket The Basket The Backboard The Backboard The Backboard The Backboard Players Allowed Players Allowed Players Allowed Players Allowed Harlem Globetrotters Harlem Globetrotters Harlem Globetrotters Harlem Globetrotters The NBA The NBA The NBA The NBA Changing the Game Changing the Game Changing the Game Changing the Game Summary Summary Summary

THE CREATOR The game of basketball was The game of basketball was Created on December 21, The creator was a Canadian clergyman by the name of James Naismith.

13 ORIGINAL RULES 1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. 2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist.) 3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good speed if he tries to stop. 4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding 5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall be allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game, no substitute allowed.

13 ORIGINAL RULES CONT… 6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3, 4, and such as described in Rule If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the mean time making a foul. 8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. 9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first touching it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that side.

13 ORIGINAL RULES CONT… 10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and keep account of the goals with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee. 12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes’ rest between. 13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw, the game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.

THE FIRST BALL Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball. The first balls made specifically for basketball were brown.

THE BASKET The peach baskets were used until 1906 when they were finally replaced by metal hoops with backboards. A further change was soon made, so the ball merely passed through. Whenever a person got the ball in the basket, his team would gain a point. Whichever team got the most points won the game.

THE BACKBOARD The backboard was introduced to prevent this interference; it had the additional effect of allowing rebound shots. The first backboard was constructed out of wire mesh, and then wood and now it is made out of glass so the backboard does not interfere with the viewing of the game.

PLAYERS ALLOWED The first official game was played in the YMCA gymnasium in Albany, New York on January 20, 1892 with nine players on each team. The game ended at 1–0; the shot was made from 25 feet (7.6 m), on a court just half the size of a present-day Street ball or National Basketball Association (NBA) court. By 1897–1898 teams of five became standard.

HARLEM GLOBETROTTERS HARLEM GLOBETROTTERS Basketball quickly gained popularity with the creation of the Harlem Globetrotters. Abe Saperstein created the Harlem Globetrotters in They were an all African-American team, which toured the world to promote basketball.

THE NBA THE NBA The National Basketball Association (NBA) is the pre-eminent men's professional basketball league in North America, and is widely considered to be the premier men's professional basketball league in the world. The league was founded in New York City on June 6, 1946, as the Basketball Association of America (BAA). The league adopted the name National Basketball Association on August 3, 1949, after merging with its rival National Basketball League (NBL).

CHANGING THE GAME CHANGING THE GAME The three point line was invented. The "three second" rule was added. The shot-blocking rule was added. The players uniforms have changed from really short shorts to like, almost pants.

CHANGING THE GAME CONT… The arc below the basket in the key is added for charges Many stats like technical fouls and flagrant fouls were recorded as official stats Originally you couldn't move with the ball or it would be traveling. Eventually people started dropping the ball to be able to move with it and dribbling was invented

SUMMARY The game of basketball is often referred to as the only major sport which originated in the United States. Unlike many other popular sports, basketball was not conceived by changing the principles or rules of an existing game. It was a deliberate and original invention created out of necessity to provide a challenging, vigorous activity that could be played indoors.