Why Budget is Important? Translates the commitments, declarations and polices into financial terms Reflects the priorities of the State and directions of the Government Fulfills the rights and needs of the marginalized

Why Budget Analysis? To create a space for informed debate and discussion around the budget & its process To facilitate civil society actors to participate in the budgetary affairs of the state Need for deeper engagement with legislators to highlight peoples’ need in the budget process of the state

Orissa: Few facts Population: 36 million, 3.57% of Indian population (11th most populous state in India) Nearly 85% live in rural areas 22.1% are tribal belonging to 62 ethnic communities; 16.5% constitute scheduled castes Orissa ranks 11 in HDI ranking out of 15 major states in India (Value: 0.404) Sex ratio: 972 females per 1000 males; 27th in the Gender Disparity Index for 1991 (Value:0.639)

Health in Orissa: Key challenges Infant mortality rate is 69 contrary to 53 in India (Economic Survey ) - 2nd in India. Malaria deaths in Orissa – The state ranks 3rd in India during Shortfall of the Sub-centers and Community Health Centers (CHCs) which are closer to the community. Shortfall of the grassroot health officials such as multipurpose worker (female)/ANM at the sub-center and PHCs. Acute shortage of staff such as health worker (male) at the sub centers, Female health assistants, lab. Technicians and nurses

One CHC covers near about population in rural areas contrary to the norm of 1, 20,000 according to IPHS. 9.1 percent of PHCs are with 4-6 beds against the norm of 6 beds in every PHC IPHS Norms: Still to stick The norm is one CHC per rural people: at present one CHC in the state serving rural people One CHC for 4 PHCs: Requirement is 291 but there are 231 CHCs in the state. 4-6 beds per PHC against the norm of 6 beds per PHC Health in Orissa: Key challenges contd…

Critical challenges: Education The state still ranks 24 th position among 35 states/UTs in terms of the literacy rates Low literacy rate is prevalent among the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes. The state ranks 7 th position in India with regard to drop out rate at primary level (11.80 percent) (Mehta study, ) Yet to fulfil the norms under right to education act(no of schools and teachers)

Tribals in Orissa Poor health infrastructure and service delivery. Agriculture: Traditional, small size of land holding, subsistence economy. Absence of record of rights with majority of tribals Dependence on forest based products : lack of market, weak bargaining power and large scale exploitation, poor/non-functioning of TDCC in the state Skill, vocational based and higher education is very low Displacement due to industries and projects in the tribal dominated area

State Budget : Overall Observations State is again in the deficit of Rs cr. in the consolidated fund during Its similar to the crisis period of late 90’s Again deficit in the revenue account(Rs.2369 Cr.) after 4 years of surplus Increase in the share of plan expenditure to 30 percent in compared to earlier years.

Decrease in the capital expenditure compared to percent increase in the debt stock during Trend Own tax and non-tax /GSDP ratio is not so encouraging due to less effort on revenue generation

State Receipts State Revenue receipt Tax State’s own Non-tax Grant -in -aid from Center State’s Own Share in Union tax -Non-plan -State plan -Central plan -CSP

Growth of state Receipts

Is the States' Receipt vs. Center Satisfactory ?

Expenditures as percentage of Total

Expenditures as percentage of Total contd…

Central Assistance for different programmes (Rs. In Crores)

Specific Areas of Concern Can the coming budget fulfill the requirements of the right to education? One school within one kilometer : We have one school in every 3.2 Sq. Km and (23 percent of villages) have no schools : More budget for establishment of new schools (470 crores) Teacher-student ratio: now it is 1:33 which includes Para teachers: More budget to appoint regular teachers (65092 additional regular teachers) Text book: SSA norm is Rs per primary student and Rs upper primary. Existing budget – 42Crore(35 from SSA and 7 crores from state budget) contrary to the requirement of 126 Crores Building infrastructure in schools: 6.62 percent of schools have no building and only 21 percent of schools have separate toilet for girls, common toilet in 47 percent of schools(453 crores) Motivating enrolment of out-of-school children: 2.61 crore has been utilised out of crores in SSA

Can we think of ‘Health for All’ by 2015? Sub-centers: Shortfall of 595 sub centers(existing 6688 as against the requirement of 7283)(14 Crore) No of Doctors : to reach at all India doctor population ratio(1: 1916) we need additional doctors (428 Crores) Medical education : To fill the gap in the number of doctors the Govt. must establish two more medical colleges preferably in tribal locations(Capital Exp.: 200 crore (approx) Grassroots health workers: to fill the gap in the 9840 grassroot health workers consisting of MHW, FHW, Radiographer, lab. Technicians and nurses (118 Crores) Medicine: additional 45 crores exclusively for PHCs and CHCs(there is provision of 2 crore in the budget) Diet: Additional 22.5 crores has to be provided for patients in PHCs and CHCs