Intellectual Development The Theories of Jean Piaget
Four Stages of Development Piaget Four Stages of Development 1. Sensorimotor Birth- 2 years 2. Preoperational 2-7 years 3. Concrete Operations 7-11 years 4. Formal Operations 11- adult Silly Preschoolers Come to Fremd
Sensorimotor Stage 1st stage of mental development Infants use their senses and motor skills to learn and communicate Learning during this period is extremely important- can be the basis for all future mental development! (INFANT SCIENTIST) Piaget divided this stage into 6 substages…
Sensorimotor Stage Substage One: Birth to 1 month Practices reflexes- sucking, grasping, crying Egocentric- infants do not understand themselves as a separate person -- the world revolves around me!!!
Sensorimotor Stage Substage Two: 1 to 4 months Combine two or more reflexes - Example: May wave their fists and bring it to their mouths at the same time Repeat these new combinations often
Sensorimotor Stage Substage Three: 4 to 8 months Begin to control their mental world by making connections between what they do and what happens - Example: touch mobile in crib and make it move Intentionally repeat enjoyable activities
Sensorimotor Stage Substage Four: 8 to 12 months Piaget believed by age one, babies apply learnings to solve problems - Example: may squeeze, hit, or shake an object to see what it will do Start imitating others- important way to learn!
Sensorimotor Stage Substage Four Cont’d: Learn to follow objects with their eyes Love to play peek-a-boo!! http://welkefamily.blogspot.com/
Sensorimotor Stage Substage Four Cont’d: Begin to understand Object Permanence - objects continue to exist, even when out of sight- -infants are able to find partially hidden objects
Sensorimotor Stage Substage Five: 12- 18 months Infants discover new ways to solve problems -Example: may push away box to find a toy behind it Can find totally hidden object
Sensorimotor Stage Substage Six: 18 months- 2 years The beginning of thought processes Toddlers start to think about what they’re going to do before they do it Trial and error exploration- if I do this, what will happen??
Preoperational This is the 2nd major stage of development Children begin to do some mental thinking rather than solving all problems through physical skills Occurs during the preschool years Ages 2-7
Preoperational Believes that there are 11 basic concepts that children must master in order to move on to the next stage Conservation, classification, sequencing, reversibility, cause & effect, recall, time, representation, number, spatial relations, and language
Preoperational Two sub-stages of preoperational: Preconceptual: children form a mental image of what they see around them . . . many of these are incomplete or illogical EX: All collies are the dog “Lassie” Intuitive: children are sometimes able to grasp a problem’s solution by how they feel about it EX: If they are on the stairs and higher than a parent, they will still feel that they are a small person and not really “taller” than the parent
Preoperational Still EGOCENTRIC a belief a person has that everyone thinks in the same way and has the same ideas as he or she does
Preoperational Symbolic play is important in this stage of development pretend play objects stand for something else change things from the real world or dreams
Preoperational Mental images are symbols of objects and past experiences that are stored in their mind. Can picture the following in their heads: Cat Thunderstorm Flower School
Preoperational Logical thinking concepts: Concepts that are not directly experienced through the senses but are developed through thought. These require the thinker to see a relationship between things
Preoperational Language development is extremely important in this stage: Articulation (making the sounds in language) Vocabulary (estimations below) 900 words at age 3 1,500 words at age 4 2,000 words at age 5 Grammar . . . matures a great deal between ages 3-5 years old