Chapter 18 Part 2 Pages

Terms to Know Chaing kai-shek Mao Zedong (tse-tong) Taiwan Korean War 38 th Parallel

The Cold War Policy of Containment in Europe: Berlin…the Berlin Air Lift Western Europe…The Marshall Plan Greece and Turkey

Containment in Asia China Korea The Philippines

Gained its independence…July 4, 1946 U.S. Troops left Then the Philippines was threatened by a communist terrorist group…

The Hukbalahops The United States sent troops back to the Philippines and defeated the dreaded Hukbalahops

Containment in China The last Chinese dynasty fell in 1911 Dr. Sun yat-sen…a popular leader, a Chinese nationalist Tried to convince foreign powers in China to get out It worked for some but not Russia or Japan

China Mao Zedong was a Chinese communist who was trying to take over China as well During WWII Chaing and Mao were at war with each other and both were fighting Japanese aggression as well Sometimes they cooperated against Japan

The United States Was able to send help to Chaing without violating the neutrality acts because Japan had never formally declared war against China

After WWII The U.S. continued to send aid…everything but troops…so Chaing could defeat the communists This would serve our policy of containment The U.S. sent $2 Billion to China between

The Communists v the Nationalists Chaing’s government was corrupt and in S. and E China. Was supported by the U.S. Collected grain taxes from peasants even during famine Mao was in the North supported by the USSR and was sympathetic to the peasants

By 1949 Mainland China fell to the Communists Chaing’s (Nationalist) China took power in Taiwan Was containment successful in China? Repercussion's at home.

Containment and Korea Korea had been promised its independence at Cairo Conference during the war. After WWII Korea was divided at the 38 th parallel. There was to be a brief occupation by the USSR in the North and the US in the South

North Korea The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea was led by Kim Il Sung It was a communist state Occupied and supported by the Soviet Union Its capital was Pyongyang

South Korea The Republic of Korea was led by Syngman Rhee It was supported by the U.S. Its capital was Seoul

After a brief occupation Elections were to be held and whoever won was to rule over a united Korea But by 1948 North Korea refused to allow United Nations inspectors into the North

So the United Nations Recognized the government of South Korea under the leadership of Syngman Rhee as the lawful government of Korea In 1949 U.S. troops withdrew from South Korea

WAR In 1950 North Korea, with support from the USSR invaded South Korea The United Nations charged North Korea with Breach of Peace The UN authorized Harry Truman to lead a UN action against North Korea

Limited War Both Truman and the United Naitons wanted a limited war That is, they wanted to recapture the land south of the 38 th parallel…NOT all of Korea

The Korean War Truman sent MacArthur to take command of an international army representing 16 countries though most were Americans MacArthur had been involved in Japan’s occupation MacArthur and his troops made a surprise landing well North of the 38 th parallel…north of the Yalu River!

The Yalu River Separated North Korea from China! The Chinese (by now communist) poured south and pushed MacArthur’s troops to the 38 th parallel

Korea

MacArthur Commanded 500,000 UN troops and an additional 500,000 South Korean troops BUT the North and Russia outnumbered the South 10 to 1!

MacArthur disagreed with Truman and the UN He wanted to engage the Chinese! McCarthy agreed with MacArthur America was divided between Truman and MacArthur

MacArthur Was recalled by Truman He came home to a hero’s welcome and made a speech “Old soldiers never die, they just fade away.”

The war ended in 1953 The 38 th parallel is still the boundary It cost the U.S. – 54,000 lives – $67 million – Was containment successful in Korea?