Teaching a Practical Skill See one ; do one ; teach one?
Fundamentals Observation Feedback Reflection
Teaching Clinical Skills Demonstrated in skills or simulation centre Practised in skills centre till confident Used on real patients!
Miller’s Triangle
Peyton’s 4 Stage Method Step 1 Demonstration at normal speed with little explanation visualisation Step 2 Repetition of skill with full explanation, asking learner to ask and question steps verbalisation
Peyton’s 4 Stage Method Step 3 Demonstrator performs skill as instructed by learner; questions and corrections Practice and feedback Step 4 Learner carries out skill with explanation prior to each step Repetition/embedding
Additional Steps Pre-step 1 - Conceptualisation Understands importance and theory Willing to learn Step 5 - Mastery and Autonomy Competence Automatic Able to teach
Influence of Trainer on Performance Environment Interaction Challenges
Potential Problems Learner doesn’t have necessary skills X Poor demonstration X Not paying attention ? Affective factors Fear/embarrassment ; lack of importance Imprinting of incorrect skills from previous learning
Questions?