By Bradley Veile Lakeside High School Plummer, ID

Early Interests Priesthood Cowboys & Indians Playing “war”- Conducted Battles as Boer Artist denied entry to Vienna Academy of Fine Arts Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary

Austria – moved to Germany – avoid evasion arrest Germany – enlisted in 1914 served as a dispatch runner top rank – corporal Treaty of Versailles Disarm Loss of territory Accept blame for war Reparations “Stabbed in the Back” Theory left wing political parties Communists Jews Wounds Somme 1918 – Ypres Mustard Gas Awarded Iron Crosses twice Black Wound Badge

Started 1919 – Anton Drexler Hitler as military intelligence officer duty – keep an eye on German Workers Party After impromptu speech by Hitler – Drexler ask Hitler to join influential speaker designed flag red – social idea of the movement swastika – anti-Semitism white – national ideal

Key points: Revoke Jewish civil rights Citizenship only for those with German blood Revoke the Versailles Treaty and Saint Germaine Treaty Create a “Greater Germany” – based on Lebensraum Create national army Strong central government – “Fuhrerprinzip” Authority flows down – authority unquestioned

Goal Short term overthrow Bavarian government Long term overthrow Weimer government Method kidnap Bavarian leaders force acceptance of Hitler as leader Result 16 Nazi killed, 3 Munich Police killed Hitler arrested 24 day trial for treason Trial loosely conducted Sentence – possible life 5 years in Landsburg – served 9 months

Party Membership 1920 (early) – 3000 November – 55, – 27, – 109, – 400,000 Economic problems 1921 Reparations bill - $33 billion Inflation decimate economy Year Mark Dollar , (July)160,0001 (August)1,000,0001 (November) 4,000,000,0001

Volume 1 - Dictated to Rudolph Hess Content of Volume 1 German Nationalism Anti- Bolshevism Anti-Semitism – Jews are: German’s true enemy Not creative – cultural parasite International – control the world Volume 2 – 1927 Content of Volume 2 History of the Nazi Party Obtain/retain political power Use of propaganda/terrorism Building a political organization Used in educational settings Training the SA, SS, and HJ Given as gifts at ceremonies weddings, graduations, etc.

New direction – rise to power legally Weimer Constitutional support Chancellor appointed not elected Emergency unchecked power No checks and balance Reichstag Elections – Nazi percentages 1924 – 3.0% 1928 – 2.8% 1930 – 18.3% % % Presidential Election – 1932 Hitler v. Hindenburg 30% 49% Run off required Hitler – 36% Hindenburg – 53%

Chancellor Bruening outlaws SA and SS Hitler agree support for Von Schleicher if: SA/SS ban liftedBruening diposed Conservative CoalitionReichstag dissolved Hindenburg calls for Bruening resignation Papan appointed Chancellor (Schleicher puppet) December 1932 – Papan replaced by Schleicher Papan persuades Hindenburg appoint Hitler Chancellor and Papan vice-Chancellor Papan could control Hitler and 3 Nazis in 11 member Cabinet

February 1933 Reichstag burned by Nazi as way of increasing power Mentally unstable man – Marinus van der Lubbe – Dutch setting fires around Berlin suspicious activity around Reichstag strong indications of Nazi support arrested and executed for fire Communists blamed for fire Result Hindenburg persuaded to sign Emergency Decree Hitler given power to suspend basic rights detain without trial van der Lubbe confessed at trial – death sentence - guillotined

Hitler needed support lacking during Beer Hall Putsch Army – concerned about SA competition Industrialists June 1934 – Night of Long Knives SA leadership assassinated Including Ernst Rohm – early Hitler supporter Result SS move to more prominent position Army support Hitler July 1933 – Enabling Act passed Cabinet given full legislative powers Nazi Party only legal party Opponents could be sent to Dachau (est. March 1933) Hindenburg dies August 1934 Hitler consolidates offices of President and Chancellor Becomes “Fuhrer” with dictatorial powers