Streams.

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Presentation transcript:

Streams

Major US Rivers

A drainage basin a.k.a. watershed is the area of land that drains to a particular lake, wetland or ocean.

DRAINAGE BASIN/Watershed

Where do rivers and streams get their water from? 3 sources

From its source to the Sea A stream begins at its headwaters, often in areas where there is constant runoff of rain or melting snow or an underground spring. The stream continues to flow and combines with other streams (called tributaries) until they become a river system The river will flow until its mouth (the end of the river) opens into the ocean, lake or sea The mouth of a river creates a Delta (a layer of sediment)

TRIBUTARIES, DIVIDES

ALLUVIAL FAN

What is a Stream Erosion? Stream erosion is the transportation of weathered material collected in the stream

Parts of a River Channel Bank (outside of a river) Bar (inside of a river) Bed (bottom of a river)

RIVER BED

STREAM LOAD

Suspended load http://www.exploratorium.edu/complexity/exhibit/erosion.html

Dissolved Load

Youthful Steep gradient Rapids and waterfalls Stream course is straight No or very little drainage basin (the area of land that surrounds and include the major river and all of its tributaries.

Youthful

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7c3YadMA0_k http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=so385dCUoJM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVxVfR5Ll58

HYDROELECTRIC POWER

Mature Weathering and erosional effects have made the land wider and flatter Speed of river is reduced Starting to get curvy (meanders) Drainage basin are forming and more tributaries are joining

MEANDER Meander – a curve or bend in the river

Old Extreme meanders are present Land around it is very flat Speed is super slow Large drainage basin Oxbow lakes

Fig. 10.06

Old

http://www.school-portal.co.uk/GroupDownloadFile.asp?file=21606 MEANDERS/OXBOW LAKE

Oxbow Lakes

OXBOW LAKES

EROSION/DEPOSITION

Rejuvenated River

NAME THE STAGE

NAME THE STAGE

NAME THE STAGE

FLOOD PLAIN http://www.school-portal.co.uk/GroupDownloadFile.asp?file=21394

WATERFALL FORMATION http://www.school-portal.co.uk/GroupDownloadFile.asp?file=21604

Summary Question A Changing River 200 years ago a stream was set as a boundary on some land. Now surveys show that this river is no longer used as an accurate boundary. Why?