Giovanni da Verranzo- France- searched for Northwest passage route to Asia in 1524Giovanni da Verranzo- France- searched for Northwest passage route to Asia in 1524 Jacques CartierJacques Cartier - France - Reached St. Lawrence River - Claimed Eastern Canada for France – 1535 Samuel de ChamplainSamuel de Champlain - France - “Father of New France” - Established Quebec (the 1st permanent French colony in N. America) - Established settlements and explored Maine, Montreal & Nova Scotia

French settle Quebec (1608) & Montreal (1642) and what would become Canada Population generally scattered –Present day Canada, west of Appalachia to Rocky Mountains, and Caribbean islands –Population grew slow- 6,000 whites by 1750 compared to 2,000,000 in the 13 colonies

Characteristics of New France: –Focused mainly on trading with Indians Best relationship with Indians of any European power Fur trade (especially beaver) were successful Coureur de bois- frontiersmen who traded with Indians Jesuit Missionaries tried to convert –Settlements had no elected assemblies or trial by jury –Primarily Catholic

European Colonization Like French, Dutch focus on fur trade, ally with Indians, & send only a few men to settlements –Found Albany (New York, 1614) on Hudson River –New Netherland (becomes New York) is an extension of the Dutch global trade system (1609) –1624 founded New Amsterdam on Manhattan Island –Henry Hudson was the big Dutch explorer First European colony that practiced ethnic and religious plurality –Done in an attempt to attract settlers and stimulate trade –Appealed to refugees

Types of Colonies In British North America Charter Colony: Chartered to an individual, trading company, etc. by the British crown Proprietary Colony: One or more private land owners are granted territories over which they then have full governing rights Royal Colony: A colony that is governed directly by the crown

Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia

Chesapeake Colonies Maryland Virginia Still part of the Southern Colonies

Virginia Jamestown-1607 Joint Stock Company Virginia Company Captain John Smith John Rolfe Trade and Profit Representative Govt House of Burgesses Jamestown- Proprietary Colony Virginia-Royal Colony Maryland--1634George Calvert…AKA Lord Baltimore Religious toleration— those who believed in Christ---allowed persecuted Catholics to settle in Maryland Representative govt Proprietary Colony North/South Carolina In 1663 Anthony Ashley Cooper and 7 English nobles Setup a new colony based upon social classes…Failed and divided into 2 parts Representative govt Proprietary colony ( ) Royal Colonies (1729) Georgia—1732James Oglethorpe Provide a place for debtors could start a new life---Acted as a buffer against Spanish Florida Proprietary Colony ( ) Royal Colony (1755) Colony/Date Person Responsible Why Founded Governed/Owner

Population of Chesapeake Colonies:

Colonization of Chesapeake

Early British Settlement Reasons why Britain got interested in establishing colonies in North America –Population growth in England (recovering from black death) –Eventual peace with Spain allowed them to travel unopposed –Economic opportunity –Land available –Adventure –Markets –Freedom (political and religious) –Chance for social advancement –Joint Stock companies could/would provide trip there

Early British Settlement Sir Humphrey Gilbert first tried to establish a British colony in New Foundland in 1583, but died while at sea His ½ brother, Sir Walter Raleigh next established a colony at Roanoke Island in present day Virginia in 1585 that was made up of 75 men –Not particularly bright people, they captured and tortured local indians and/or held them ransom –Colony ultimately failed when new supplies failed to arrive –Sir Francis Drake picked them up and brought them back to England –He left 15 of his own men behind and they were never heard from again…foreshadowing In 1587, Raleigh tried again(115 men, women, and children). –When Raleigh returned to Roanoke from England in entire colony had vanished…including the buildings 20 years later the English tried again and this time it took- Jamestown Colony was established in 1607