Citizenship… Benchmark: SS.7.C.2.1 Essential Question: What does it mean to be a citizen?

Bell Ringer#3 What does it mean to be a member of something? How does it feel to be a member of something? Please write the question and answer in a short paragraph (2 sentences does not count!!!)

Vocabulary WordDefinition 14 th AmendmentAn Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that defines citizenship to former slaves, and defines voters as males at least 21 years of age. AlienAny person not a citizen or national of a country CitizenA legal member of a state and/or country ImmigrantA person who comes to a country to live there permanently Law of BloodA Person’s citizenship at birth is the same as that of his or her biological mother or father Law of soilA person’s citizenship at birth is determined by the country he or she was born Legal permanent residentSomeone who is legally and permanently living in the U.S. but not a citizen NaturalizationThe process by which an immigrant becomes a citizen ResidentSomeone who lives in a place for a minimum period of time

“All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws” Understanding Citizenship

A.) Definition of citizenship  A citizen is one who has specific rights and obligations within a political unit such as being a citizen of a country or a state. B.) Citizenship in the United States: There are two methods in which citizenship can be achieved: 1) citizenship by birth: Citizenship by birth may be achieved through the a) “jus sanguine”, which translates to “law of blood” U.S. citizens who become citizens through “law of blood” are those whose biological parents are U.S. citizens, whether by birth or naturalization. or b) “jus solis”, which translates to “law of soil”. Citizenship by “law of soil” is citizenship based on where one is born. A person born in the U.S. (or a location under U.S. control such as a U.S. military base overseas) is a citizen by “law of soil” even if that child’s biological mother is not a U.S. citizen. 2) citizenship by naturalization. FUN FACT: The 14th Amendment was ratified in 1868 and is the first time that citizenship is defined in the U.S. Constitution. The U.S. Constitution as ratified in 1788 mentions citizenship 13 times although it does not define it. Notes…

C). Becoming a naturalized U.S. citizen : Immigrants seeking to become naturalized citizens, one must meet the following conditions: 1.)The person is over 18 years old 2.)Must have been a resident of the United States for five years, without leaving for more than 30 months combined and for no more than 12 consecutive months throughout the five-year period. 3.)Must file a petition for naturalization 4.)Must take an examination that shows that they can read, speak and write English, and demonstrate knowledge of American history and the U.S. Constitution. 5.)Must be able to prove that they are of good moral character 6.)Two U.S. citizens must confirm that the citizenship applicant will be a good citizen and will be loyal to the U.S. Once 1-6 above has been met, the citizenship applicant must take the following Oath of Allegiance:  "I hereby declare, on oath, that I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty of whom or which I have heretofore been a subject or citizen; that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I will bear arms on behalf of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform noncombatant service in the Armed Forces of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform work of national importance under civilian direction when required by the law; and that I take this obligation freely without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; so help me God."   D. Exceptions to the naturalization process   The Child Citizenship Act of 2000 took effect on February 27, It allows non-U.S. citizen children under 18 who have at least one U.S. citizen parent, and who live in the legal and physical custody of that parent, to be granted automatic naturalized citizenship. The child must reside in the United States, and be a lawful permanent resident, at the time that citizenship is granted.

Obligations and Responsibilities of Citizens Benchmark: SS.7.C.2.2 SS.7.C.2.3 SS.7.C.2.14 Essential Question: Explain why citizens have certain obligations and responsibilities to comply with?

Common Good beliefs or actions that are seen as a benefit to the community rather than individual interests, also known as the public good Use the word in a quality sentence Bell Ringer # 4

WordDefinition CitizenA legal member of a state and/or country Common GoodBeliefs or actions that are seen as a benefit to the community rather than individual interests, also known as the public good ObligationA requirement, something a person or government has to do responsibilitySomething a person should do Selective ServiceA system by which men ages register with the U.S. government for military service. Vocabulary

While watching the video- complete the work sheet titled “What does being a responsible citizen look like?” Citizen’s Unite Video

 In pairs, walk around the room reading CAREFULLY AND QUIETLY the place cards.  Try to figure out but using the words that are on the placard if the placard is an OBLIGATION or a RESPONSIBILITY  Once you have decided, you need to write the title of the placard on either the obligation worksheet or responsibility worksheet.  Then write a summary sentence explaining what it is and list the evidence from the placard that led you to decide if you are reading about an obligation or a responsibility. Obligations and Responsibilities Activity

 The obligations of citizenship include those actions that citizens are required by law to take.  The responsibilities of citizenship are those actions that citizens should take for the sake of the common good.  Enlightened Self-Interest: suggests that when people act in a way that furthers others’ interests and that advances the interests of groups to which they belong consequently serves their own interest Notes…

Obey laws Legislatures and chief executives are elected by citizens in a democracy; these legislatures and chief executives are elected to represent citizen interests. Courts interpret whether these laws cohere to the U.S. Constitution. Citizens and non-citizens alike are obligated to obey laws whether they agree with them or not. Citizens and non-citizens who choose not to obey the laws may be prosecuted for their crimes; non-citizens who choose not to obey the laws may also be deported. Pay taxes Taxes support government functions. Legislatures and chief executives enact tax laws the same as they do other laws. The 16 th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution allows Congress to impose an income tax. The U.S. Supreme Court may not find income taxes unconstitutional because income taxes are protected by the 16 th Amendment. Defend the Nation Swear allegiance to support and defend the U.S. Constitution and the laws of the United States against all enemies Selective Service Selective service is a system by which men (both citizens and resident aliens) ages 18 through 25 register with the U.S. government for military service. Selective service is not a draft; however, it is from the names included among those registered for selective service that a person drafted will be selected. Serve on Juries The sixth amendment of the U.S. Constitution provides for a trial by jury in most cases as follows: “In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district where in the crime shall have been committed…” Citizens who have reached the age of majority may be called upon to serve on juries. Obligations of Citizenship

Voting Citizens have a responsibility for selecting public officials who will represent their interests in government. Attending Civic meetings Civic meetings are ways for citizens to be active participants in their government. Interest groups, political parties, candidates for public office, religious organizations, the media and public officials hold civic meetings in order to inform and learn from the public. Petitioning Government The right of individuals to come together with others and collectively express, promote, pursue and defend common interests. This includes the right to assemble in public places, and the right to join an association. Peaceable assembly is also understood as freedom of association. The U.S Supreme Court has upheld laws requiring general permits, as well as prosecutions for illegal demonstrations under certain circumstances. The right of individuals to express themselves must be balanced against the need to maintain public order. People are protected when they bring to the government’s attention their unresolved concerns, provide information to political leaders about unpopular policies and issues, and expose government misconduct. The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that regulation of assembly may not be used to stifle dissent; unpopular groups may not be prevented from gathering based on the nature of the group’s message. Running for Office Running for or being appointed to serve in public office as well as serving in public office Responsibilities of Citizenship

In 1961, President John F. Kennedy made this statement in his inaugural Address “… my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you – ask what you can do for your country.” Explain how this quote relates to the idea of being a responsible citizen and contributing to the common good. Wrap-Up Activity